Effects of Light- and Sound-Reduction Incubator Cover on Duration of Sleep in Premature Infants A Randomized Controlled Trial
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Abstract
Purpose: To compare the average sleep duration (total sleep, deep sleep, and active sleep) in premature infants, the light and noise in incubators between the groups using light- and sound-reduction incubator cover and conventional incubator cover.
Design: Randomized controlled trial study, a two-group posttest-only design.
Methods: Convenience sampling was used to select 36 preterm infants who were 32-37 weeks post menstrual age, weighed between 1,400-2,500 grams, and were cared for in incubators. The samples were randomly assigned to the experimental and the control groups using the blocked randomization technique with block sizes of 4. The instruments used in the research consisted of two parts: the experimental instruments including a light- and sound-reduction incubator cover and a conventional incubator cover, and the data collection instruments including 1) demographic infant data record form, 2) sleep-wake behaviors of premature infant record form, 3) light brightness record form, and 4) sound loudness record form. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, independent t-test, and Mann Whitney U test were used for data analysis.
Main findings: The study showed that the duration of total sleep and deep sleep of premature infants using the light- and sound-reduction incubator cover were significantly longer than those using the conventional incubator cover (p < .05); and the active sleep of premature infants in both types of incubator covers were not significantly different (p > .05). The level of light and noise in incubators while using the light- and sound-reduction incubator cover was significantly lower than that while using the conventional incubator cover (p < .05).
Conclusion and recommendations: According to the study findings, the light- and sound-reduction incubator cover could increase the duration of total and deep sleep for premature infants. It can also help reduce light and sound levels in the incubator. Therefore, the use of light- and sound-reduction incubator cover should be promoted for sleep quality in premature infants.
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