Predictive Factors of Perceived Maternal Self-Efficacy in Preterm Infant Care Post- Discharge during the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Abstract
Purpose: To investigate factors influencing mothers’ perceived self-efficacy in preterm infant care post-hospital discharge during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Design: Predictive correlational research.
Methods: The study sample include 121 mothers of preterm infants who were admitted and discharged from the semi-critical neonatal unit in three tertiary care hospitals in Bangkok, Thailand from June to December, 2022. The data were collected on the hospital discharge day and 2 weeks thereafter. On the discharge day, the following tools were used: 1) Maternal Health Literacy in Preterm Infant Care Questionnaire. 2) Maternal Participation in Hospitalized Infant Care Questionnaire, and 3) Maternal Readiness for Infant Discharge Questionnaire. At 2 weeks after discharge, the Mothers’ Perceived Self-efficacy in Preterm Infant Care Questionnaire was used. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression were used for data analysis.
Main findings: Maternal readiness for infant discharge remained the most predictive of mothers’ perceived self-efficacy in preterm infant care ( = .55, p < .001), followed by maternal health literacy in preterm infant care (
= .16, p = .047). These two variables collectively predicted mothers’ perceived self-efficacy in preterm infant care after hospital discharge by 39% (R2 = .39, F(2, 118) = 25.14, p < .001).
Conclusion and recommendations: In situations with limited neonatal unit visits, maternal readiness for infant discharge and maternal health literacy in preterm infant care can predict mothers’ perceived self-efficacy in preterm infant care after hospital discharge. Appropriate ways to promote maternal readiness for infant discharge and maternal health literacy in preterm infant care should be determined to make mothers aware of their own ability to take care of preterm infants at home after hospital discharge.
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