Factors Predicting Diabetes Self-management Behavior among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate factors predicting diabetes self-management of patients with diabetesmellitus type 2. The factors could be divided into personal factors (age, gender, and self-efficacy) andinterpersonal factors (family support and patient-provider communication).
Design: Descriptive research (cross – sectional study).
Methods: The study sample consisted of 88 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 who werediagnosed by physicians and no other complications. The subjects who met the inclusion criteria wererecruited by simple random sampling. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multipleregression analysis.
Main findings: The findings revealed that diabetes mellitus type 2 patients were mostly female(79.5%), their mean age was 56 years (SD = 11.9 years), and they have had diabetes mellitus type 2 for sixyears (67.1%). With regard to diabetes self-management, it was found that the scores of diabetes selfmanagementof the subjects were at a good level. Altogether, 34.4% (R2 = .344, F = 10.715, p < .001) ofthe variability in diabetes self-management was predicted by age, gender, self-efficacy, family support,and patient-provider communication. Only three of the predictors such as self-efficacy, patient-providercommunication, and age contributed significantly to prediction of diabetes self-management. Genderand family support could not predict diabetes self-management of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.The findings showed that self-efficacy (ß = .509, p < .001) has more influence on diabetes self-management, follow by patient-provider communication (ß = .229, p < .05) and age (ß = - .206, p < .05).
Conclusion and recommendations: Based on the study findings, it is recommended that activitiesor programs to promote self-efficacy and patient-provider communication for patients with diabetesmellitus type 2 should be developed. Differences in their ages should be taken into account in order toensure appropriateness and effectiveness of the programs on enhancing diabetes self-management of thepatients.
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