Additional Proportion and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus with Carpenter-Coustan Criteria but not with National Diabetes Data Group Criteria

Abstract

Objective: This study was to estimate the additional proportion of GDM detected by the Carpenter-Coustan (CC) criteria only, over the National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG) criteria, and the increased adverse pregnancy outcomes in this group.

Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study. By using retrospective data from the prenatal care unit of Lampang Regional Hospital, women were classified into 3 groups, based on oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT). They were GDM by the NDDG criteria, GDM by the CC criteria only, and non-GDM by both criteria. The risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes were analyzed by a binary regression.

Results: There were 1,053 pregnancies with OGTT results. Among these, 33.3 % was defined GDM by the NDDG criteria. More 13.2% were defined by the CC criteria only. Women in the CC-GDM group had higher risks to deliver neonates ≥3,500 grams (RR=2.33), and higher premature rupture of membranes (RR=3.01).

Conclusions: The CC criteria increased more women to be diagnosed as GDM. Women detected as GDM by the CC criteria but not the NDDG criteria, had higher risks of neonates ≥ 3,500 grams and premature rupture of membranes.