Pregnancy Outcomes among Singleton Pregnant Women with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection: A single-center study in Thailand
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Abstract
Objectives: We aimed to describe the outcomes between singleton pregnant women with and without coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of pregnancy outcomes was conducted among pregnant women delivered in Khon Kaen Hospital with universal nasopharyngeal swab real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) between August 1, 2021, and August 31, 2022. A total of 230 pregnant women were included in this study: the COVID-19-positive group (n = 115) and the COVID-19-negative group (n = 115). Adverse pregnancy outcomes were determined, including preterm delivery, preeclampsia, cesarean delivery, placental abruption, clinical chorioamnionitis, stillbirth, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and maternal length of stay. In addition, neonatal outcomes recorded included birth weight, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, 5-min Apgar score, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, mechanical ventilation used in the first 24 h, required continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in the first 24 h, neonatal sepsis and a result of neonatal SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR tested.
Results: Preterm delivery was significantly greater among the COVID-19-infected women (35.6%) than among the non-COVID-19-infected women (27.8%) (odds ratio 6.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.71-8.15, p = 0.026). The length of hospital stay was also significantly longer in the COVID-19-infected group (7.89 ± 3.26 vs 2.82 ± 0.79 days, odds ratio 11.46, 95%CI 3.85-34.12, p < 0.001). Most pregnant women with COVID-19 infection had mild symptoms (36.5%). Two (1.7%) had severe pneumonia and required mechanical ventilation. No significant differences in neonatal outcomes and no vertical transmission were detected in this study.
Conclusion: Pregnant women with COVID-19 infection were at significantly increased risk of preterm delivery and had a longer hospital stay.
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