Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antibody Levels in the Neonatal Cord Blood and the Serum of Parturients Who Received Coronavirus Vaccine during Pregnancy at Venerable Thawisak Jutindharo Hospital
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the spike Ab level in the neonatal umbilical cord blood and serum of mothers vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during pregnancy and the association between the duration from the last vaccine dose to delivery and the spike Ab level.
Material and Method: This study included 75 pregnant women who were vaccinated against COVID-19 (Sinovac, Sinopharm, Astrazeneca, Pfizer, Moderna). Maternal serum and cord blood samples at delivery were collected and analyzed. Then, the association between the duration from the last vaccine dose to delivery and the spike Ab level was analyzed.
Results: Among the participants, 66 (88.0%) and 9 (12.0%) women received two and three COVID-19 vaccine doses, respectively. Spike Ab was detected in the maternal serum and umbilical cords. The median maternal spike Ab level was 2,134.0 (501–5,044) U/mL, and the median umbilical cord spike Ab level was 2,573.0 (791–8,258) U/mL. The duration from the last vaccine dose to delivery was significantly correlated with spike Ab levels in the umbilical cord. Pregnant women who received their last vaccine dose during the third trimester of pregnancy had a higher spike Ab level in the maternal serum and neonatal umbilical cords than those vaccinated in the first and second trimester of pregnancy.
Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy can transfer antibody to newborn. The shorter duration of last dose of vaccination to delivery, the higher cord blood antibody.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 2020;395:497-506.
Alberca RW, Pereira NZ, Oliveira LMDS, Gozzi-Silva SC, Sato MN. Pregnancy, Viral Infection, and COVID-19. Frontiers in Immunology 2020;11.
Zambrano LD, Ellington S, Strid P, Galang RR, Oduyebo T, Tong VT, et al. Update: Characteristics of symptomatic women of reproductive age with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection by pregnancy status - United States, January 22-October 3, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69:1641-7.
Jafari M, Pormohammad A, Sheikh Neshin SA, Ghorbani S, Bose D, Alimohammadi S, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 and comparison with control patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Med Virol 2021;31:1–16.
Commissioner O of the. Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine. FDA [Internet]. 2020 Dec 21; Available from: https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19/moderna-covid-19-vaccine
Commissioner O of the. Comirnaty and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine. FDA [Internet]. 2021 Aug 26; Available from: https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19/comirnaty-and-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine
Stafford IA, Parchem JG, Sibai BM. The coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine in pregnancy: risks, benefits, and recommendations. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021;224:484-95.
Gill L, Jones CW. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies in neonatal cord blood after vaccination in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2021;137:894-6.
COVID-19 situation [Internet]. Pidst.or.th. 2024. Available from: https://www.pidst.or.th/A1077.html
Kachikis A, Englund JA. Maternal immunization: optimizing protection for the mother and infant. J Infect 2016;72:S83–90.
Munoz F, Bond N, Maccato M, Pinell P, Hammill H, Swamy G, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of tetanus diphtheria and acellular pertussis (Tdap) immunization during pregnancy in mothers and infants. JAMA 2014;311:1760-9.
Quach T, Mallis N, Cordero J. Influenza vaccine efficacy and effectiveness in pregnant women: systematic review and meta-analysis. Matern Child Health J 2019;24:229-40.
Healy C, Rench M, Swaim L, Smith E, Sangi-Haghpeykar H, Mathis M, et al. Association between third-trimester Tdap immunization and neonatal pertussis antibody concentration. JAMA 2018;320:1464-70.
Rtcog.or.th. [cited 2024 May 23]. Available from: https://www.rtcog.or.th/photo/cpg/OB-63-022version7.pdf
Kashani-Ligumsky L, Lopian M, Cohen R, Senderovich H, Czeiger S, Halperin A, et al. Titers of SARS CoV-2 antibodies in cord blood of neonates whose mothers contracted SARS CoV-2 (COVID-19) during pregnancy and in those whose mothers were vaccinated with mRNA to SARS CoV-2 during pregnancy. J Perinatol 2021;25:1–4.
Cobas E. Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S [Internet]. Sintmaria.be. [cited 2024 May 23]. Available from: https://labogids.sintmaria.be/sites/default/files/files/anti-sars-cov-2_s_2021-06_v2.pdf
Zdanowski W, Wasniewski T. Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody titers in cord blood after COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy in Polish healthcare workers: preliminary results. Vaccines 2021;9:675.
Fu W, Sivajohan B, McClymont E, Albert A, Elwood C, Ogilvie G, et al. Systematic review of the safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness of COVID‐19 vaccines in pregnant and lactating individuals and their infants. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2021;00:1-12.
Rottenstreich A, Zarbiv G, Oiknine-Djian E, Vorontsov O, Zigron R, Kleinstern G, et al. Timing of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination during the third trimester of pregnancy and transplacental antibody transfer: a prospective cohort study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2022;28:419-25.