The Effectiveness of Cryotherapy in Reducing Postoperative Pain in Cesarean Delivery, Pfannenstiel Skin Incision: A randomized controlled trial
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Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of cold pack gel in reducing postoperative pain after cesarean delivery, Pfannenstiel skin incision.
Materials and Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial. There were 48 post-cesarean patients who were divided into two groups; group 1 (n = 24) received cold pack gel and group 2 (n = 24) received no treatment. The standard postoperative analgesic medicine and care were used in both groups. The primary outcome was to compare the postoperative pain score using the numerical rating scale (NRS) at 6, 12 and 24 hours after operation. The secondary outcomes were to compare the amount of opioid used, length of hospital stay and side effects in both groups.
Results: The cold pack gel significantly decreased the amount of postoperative opioid consumption (mean opioid used 8.33 ± 19.03 mg vs 25.00 ± 32.97 mg, mean difference was 16.67 mg (95% confidence interval 8.56-24.76). However, the cold pack gel insignificantly decreased pain after cesarean delivery which mean NRS of intervention and control group at 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours postoperation were 3.96 ± 1.71 vs 4.92 ± 2.06, 2.62 ± 1.47 vs 3.29 ± 1.46 and 2.17 ± 1.24 vs 2.67 ± 1.66, respectively. There was no significant side effect from cold pack gel use.
Conclusion: The cold pack gel could reduce postoperative opioid use without any serious side effects. However, the postoperative pain scores were not decreased. It can be used as an additional multimodality care in post-cesarean delivery care.
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