Accuracy of 48-72 Hours Postpartum 75g Oral Glucose Tolerance Test for Diagnosis of Postpartum Diabetes Mellitus in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
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Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of an early 48–72 hours postpartum 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) at 6–12 weeks postpartum in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Materials and Methods: This diagnostic study included 100 women with GDM who delivered at Hatyai Hospital between January and July 2024. Participants underwent a 48–72-hour postpartum 75 g OGTT and repeated the test at 6–12 weeks. Early results were compared with the standard 6–12-week test. Outcomes included sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, predictive values, and ROC analysis of the early postpartum OGTT for diagnosing DM.
Results: The 48–72-hour postpartum 75 g OGTT showed 79.3% sensitivity and 53.6% specificity for diagnosis of postpartum glucose intolerance. For DM diagnosis, it had 50% sensitivity, 89.1% specificity, and 98.6% negative predictive value. Receiver operating characteristic analysis of the early 2-hour post-OGTT identified a cut-off >182 mg/dl, with 90.0% sensitivity and 82.0% specificity for diagnosis of DM.
Conclusion: Although the early 48–72 hours 75 g OGTT cannot replace the standard 6–12 weeks 75 g OGTT, it is useful in identifying high-risk patients who require follow-up and in raising awareness to return for routine postpartum checkups. Additionally, the early 2-hour post-OGTT may be considered as an aid in the diagnosis of DM.
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