The incidence of adverse reactions from non-ionic contrast media administration in the patients who underwent thoracic and abdominal computed tomography scans at Sichon Hospital, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to investigate the incidence of adverse reactions from non-ionic contrast media administration in the patients who underwent thoracic and abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans at Sichon Hospital, Nakhon Si Thammarat province. Methods: In a retrospective cohort study, the study population were patients with age range of 15-85 years-old who underwent thoracic and abdominal CT scan between October 1, 2017 to September 30, 2022 and had an adverse reaction from non-ionic contrast media administration within 24 hours. Twenty-eight patients were selected by purposive sampling. The SPSS program was used to analyze the frequency, percentage, and incidence of adverse reactions. Results: 27 out of 5060 patients who underwent thoracic and abdominal CT scan had mild adverse reaction (0.53%). Most of them were female with age range 15-59 years-old. One patient had moderate adverse reaction (0.02%). The history taking and a survey questionnaire can help the staff to recognize the risk of adverse reaction in each patient. Conclusion: Patients with risk factors received premedication. Among the 17 patients without risk factors, 60.71% experienced adverse reactions. The most frequent onset of adverse events occurred within 5-10 minutes (69.52 per 10,000), with rashes being the most common symptom (54.07 per 10,000). The second most common onset was at the time of contrast administration (30.90 per 10,000), with hot flashes as the predominant symptom (27.04 per 10,000).