Investigating Staphylococcus aureus contamination on high-touch surfaces in schools and public spaces
คำสำคัญ:
Staphylococcus aureus, surface contamination, Public Health, high-touch surfaces, Sanitation Practicesบทคัดย่อ
Staphylococcus aureus is a common bacterial pathogen responsible for a wide range of infections and is capable of persisting on high-touch surfaces, thereby posing a risk for community transmission. Although numerous studies have focused on clinical settings, data on S. aureus contamination in public spaces, particularly in developing countries, remain limited. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and distribution of S. aureus contamination on high-contact surfaces in schools, public transportation systems, and shopping malls in Bangkok, as well as to examine environmental factors influencing contamination levels. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted between May and June 2025. A total of 95 surface swab samples were collected from classrooms, restrooms, ticket machines, elevator buttons, and food courts. Detection of S. aureus was performed using a rapid latex agglutination test kit, with validation through positive and negative controls. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA) to assess associations between contamination levels, surface contact frequency, and site characteristics. The prevalence of S. aureus contamination varied substantially across sites. High contamination rates were observed in classrooms (80.00%), restrooms (44.44%), BTS ticketing areas (42.90%), and one shopping mall (100.00%). In contrast, cafeterias and ferry terminals, despite high contact frequency, exhibited low or no detectable contamination. PCA findings indicated that surface material and cleaning frequency were stronger predictors of contamination than contact frequency alone. This study demonstrates significant S. aureus contamination on high-touch public surfaces, particularly in areas with inadequate sanitation practices. The findings underscore the importance of implementing targeted cleaning protocols, enhancing public hygiene awareness, and strengthening microbial surveillance in urban public environments. Future research should incorporate molecular diagnostic techniques to identify antimicrobial-resistant strains and to evaluate seasonal variations in contamination patterns.
เอกสารอ้างอิง
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