Columnaris disease in fish
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Published:
Aug 31, 2017
Keywords:
fish diseases columnaris disease gill rot disease Flavobacterium columnare
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Abstract
Flavobacterium columnare is a long rod Gram negative bacterium with the haystack-like aggregation on wet mount specimen. It is the causative agent of columnaris disease. This bacterium brings about economic losses in both cultured and wild freshwater fish. Fish with F. columnare infection possibly result in skin lesions, fin erosion and gill necrosis, with a severe mortality. Diagnosis typically is based on clinical presentation and wet mount investigation. A culture medium has been modified to improve growth of F. columnare for research and vaccine development. However, a columnaris disease is not only caused by F. columnare, but the complex interactions between the environment and its host must take into account. At present, curative and preventive measures to combat this disease are not truly effective. Fingerling management, bacteria reduction in bottom ponds and water, good practices during rearing are important factors for this disease prevention
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How to Cite
Pongnumpai, J., & Chitmanat, C. (2017). Columnaris disease in fish. Veterinary Integrative Sciences, 15(2), 63–78. Retrieved from https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/vis/article/view/145727
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Review Article
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References
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Jaturon and Chanagun, Chiang Mai Veterinary Journal 2017; 15(2): 63-78
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Bullard, S.A., McElwain, A., Arias, C.R., 2011. Scanning electron microscopy of “saddleback” lesions associated with experimental infections of Flavobacterium columnare in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Siluriformes: Ictaluridae), and zebrafish, Danio rerio (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae). J World Aquac Soc. 42, 906-913.
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Cunningham, F.L., Jack, S.W., Hardin, D., Wills, R.W., 2012. Pond-Level risk factors associated with columnaris disease on Mississippi commercial catfish farms. J. Aquat. Anim. Health. 24, 178184.
Darwish, A., Bebak, J., Schrader, K., 2012a., Assessment of Aquaflor®, copper sulphate and potassium permanganate for control of Aeromonas hydrophila and Flavobacterium columnare infection in sunshine bass, Morone chrysops female× Morone saxatilis male. J Fish Dis. 35, 637-647.
Darwish, A.M., Mitchell, A., Straus, D.L., 2012b. Evaluation of a 4‐h static copper sulphate treatment against experimental infection of Flavobacterium columnare in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Aquac. Res. 43, 688-695.
Darwish, A., Mitchell, A., Straus, D., 2009. Evaluation of potassium permanganate against an experimental subacute infection of Flavobacterium columnare in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque). J Fish Dis. 32, 193-199.
Darwish, A.M., Ismaiel, A.A., Newton, J.C., Tang, J., 2004. Identification of Flavobacterium columnare by a species-specific polymerase chain reaction and renaming of ATCC43622 strain to Flavobacterium johnsoniae. Mol. Cell. Probes. 18, 421-427.
Davis, H.S., 1922. A new bacterial disease of fresh-water fishes. By H.S. Davis., United States Bureau of fisheries.Doc. 924. Government Printing Office., Washington. Declercq, A., Boyen, F., den Broeck, W., Bossier, P., Karsi, A., Haesebrouck, F., Decostere, A., 2013a. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Flavobacterium columnare isolates collected worldwide from 17 fish species. J Fish Dis. 36, 45-55.
Declercq, A., Haesebrouck, F., Van den Broeck, W., Bossier, P., Decostere, A., 2013b. Columnaris disease in fish: a review with emphasis on bacterium-host interactions. Vet. Res. 44, 27 - 43.
Decostere, A., 2001. Flavobacterium columnare infections in fish: the agent and its adhesion to the gill tissue. Verhandelingen-Koninklijke Academie voor Geneeskunde van België 64, 421-430.
Decostere, A., Haesebrouck, F., 1999. Outbreak of columnaris disease in tronical aquarium fish. Vet. Rec. 144, 23-24.
Decostere, A., Haesebrouck, F., Charlier, G., Ducatelle, R., 1999a. The association of Flavobacterium columnare strains of high and low virulence with gill tissue of black mollies (Poecilia sphenops). Vet. Microbiol. 67, 287-298.
Decostere, A., Haesebrouck, F., Van Driessche, E., Charlier, G., Ducatelle, R., 1999b. Characterization of the adhesion of Flavobacterium columnare (Flexibacter
Jaturon and Chanagun, Chiang Mai Veterinary Journal 2017; 15(2): 63-78
columnaris) to gill tissue. J Fish Dis. 22, 465474. Decostere, A., Haesebrouck, F., Devriese, L., 1997. Development of a medium for the selective isolation of Flavobacterium columnare from diseased fish. J Clin Microbiol 35, 322-324.
Decostere, A., Haesebrouck, F., Devriese, L., 1998. Characterization of four Flavobacterium columnare (Flexibacter columnaris) strains isolated from tropical fish. Vet. Microbiol. 62, 3545.
Ferguson, H., Bjerkas, E., Evensen, O., 2006. Systemic Pathology of Fish: A Text and Atlas of Normal Tissue Responses in Teleosts, and Their Responses in Disease, 2nd ed. Scotian Press, London.191-214.
Fijan, N.N., 1969. Antibiotic additives for the isolation of Chondrococcus columnaris from fish. Appl. Microbiol. 17, 333.
Foscarini, R., 1989. Induction and development of bacterial gill disease in the eel (Anguilla japonica) experimentally infected with Flexibacter columnaris: pathological changes in the gill vascular structure and in cardiac performance. Aquac. 78, 1-20.
Fujihara, M., Nakatani, R., 1971. Antibody production and immune responses of rainbow trout and coho salmon to Chondrococcus columnaris. Journal of the Fisheries Board of Canada. 28,1253-1258.
Gao, D.X., Gaunt, P.S., 2016. Development of new G media for culture of Flavobacterium columnare and comparison with other media. Aquac. 463, 113 – 122
Garnjobst, L., 1945. Cytophaga columnaris (Davis) in pure culture: a myxobacterium pathogenic to fish. J. Bacteriol. 49, 113. Gaunt, P.S., Gao, D., Sun, F., Endris, R., 2010. Efficacy of florfenicol for control of mortality caused by Flavobacterium columnare infection in channel catfish. J. Aquat. Anim. Health 22, 115-122.
Grabowski, L., LaPatra, S., Cain, K., 2004. Systemic and mucosal antibody response in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.), following immunization with Flavobacterium columnare. J Fish Dis. 27, 573-581.
Hawke, J.P., Thune, R.L., 1992. Systemic isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility of Cytophaga columnaris from commercially reared channel catfish. J. Aquat. Anim. Health 4, 109-113.
Holt, R., Sanders, J., Zinn, J., Fryer, J., Pilcher, K., 1975. Relation of water temperature to Flexibacter columnaris infection in steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri), coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and chinook (O. tshawytscha) salmon. Journal of the Fisheries Board of Canada 32, 1553-1559.
Holt, R.A., 1987. Cytophaga psychrophila, the causative agent of bacterial cold-water disease in salmonid fish. Dissertation Abstracts International, B (Sciences and Engineering). 49, 605.
Karvonen, A., Rintamäki, P., Jokela, J., Valtonen, E.T., 2010. Increasing water temperature and disease risks in aquatic systems: climate change increases the risk of some, but not all, diseases. Int. J. Parasitol. 40, 1483-1488.
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