Passive immunity from broodstock fish
Main Article Content
Abstract
Newly born fish are not able to generate their own immunity. Maternally derived immunity, therefore, is very important to protect their offspring. Both innate and specific immunities are transferred to offspring fish, naïve fish. These immunities include antibody, complement, lysozyme, protease inhibitors, lectin, and serine proteases. Nutrition, health, and age of broodfish affect the ability for immunity transfer. In addition, seasonal change, temperature, water quality, stocking density, and stress all possibly involve in broodfish immunity. Therefore, it is necessary to take a good care of broodfish before and during breeding in order to produce high quality fry. However, antibody derived from dam completely disappears thereafter yolk absorption.
Article Details
Publishing an article with open access in Veterinary Integrative Sciences leaves the copyright with the author. The article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0), which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited.
References
Alexander, JB., & Ingram, GA. (1992). Noncellular nonspecific defence mechanisms of Fish. Annual Review of Fish Diseases, 2, 249–279.
Aoki, T., Takano, T., Santos, MD., Kondo, H., & Hirono, I. (2008). Molecular innate immunity in teleost fish: review and future perspectives. In: Tsukamoto K, Kawamura T, Takeuchi T, Beard Jr TD, Kaiser MJ, editors, Fisheries for global welfare and environment, 5th World Fisheries Congress. p. 263–276.
Bly, JE., & Clem, LW. (1991). Temperature-mediated processes in teleost immunity: in vitro immunosuppression induced by in vivo low temperature in channel catfish. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 28, 365–377.
Bowden, TJ., Thompson, KD., Morgan, AL., Gratacap, RML., & Nikoskelainen, S. (2007). Seasonal variation and the immune response: a fish perspective. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 22(6), 695–706.
Bowden, TJ., Cook, P., & Rombout, JHWM. (2005). Development and function of the thymus in teleosts. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 19(5): 413–427.
Bromage, NR., Jones, J., Randall, C., Thrush, M., Springate, J., & Duston, J. (1992). Brood stock management, fecundity, egg quality and the timing of egg production in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 100, 141–166.
Brown, LL., Evelyn, TPT., & Iwama, GK. (1997). Specific protective activity demonstrated in eggs of brood stock salmon injected with rabbit antibodies raised against a fish pathogen. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 31, 95–101.
Cecchini, S., Terova, G., Caricato, G., & Sarogli, M. (2000). Lysozyme activity in embryos and larvae of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.), spawned by broodstocks fed with vitamin C enriched diets. Bull. Eur. Ass. Fish Pathol., 20(3), 120 – 125.
Chantanachookhin, C., Seikai, T.; & Tanaka, M. (1991). Comparative study of the ontogeny of the lymphoid organs in three species of marine fish. Aquaculture, 99(1–2): 143–155.
Chaves-Pozo, E., Munoz, P., Lopez-Munoz, A., Pelegrin, P., Garcia Ayala, A., & Mulero, V. (2005). Early innate immune response and redistribution of inflammatory cells in the bony fish gilthead seabream experimentally infected with Vibrio anguillarum. Cell Tissue Research, 320(1), 61–68.
Chaves-Pozo, E., Mulero, V., Meseguer, J., & Garcia Ayala, A. (2005). Professional phagocytic granulocytes of the bony fish gilthead seabream display functional adaptation to testicular microenvironment. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 78(2), 345–351.
Demers, NE., & Bayne, CJ. (1997). The immediate effects of stress on hormones and plasma lysozyme in rainbow trout. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 21(3), 63–73.
EI-Gamal, AHE., EI-Greisy, ZA., & EI-Ebiary, EISH. (2007). Synergistic effects of vitamins C and E and selenium on the reproductive performances of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Journal of Aquaculture Research, 3(7), 564–573.
Ellingsen, T., Strand, C., Monsen, E., Bogwald, J., & Dalmo, RA. (2005). The ontogeny of complement component C3in the spotted wolffish (Anarhichas minor Olafsen). Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 18, 351–358.
Erdal, JI., Evensen, O., Kaurstad, OK., Lillehaug, A., Solbakken, R., & Thorud K. (1991). Relationship between diet and immune response in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) feeding various levels of ascorbic acid and omega-3 fatty acids. Aquaculture, 98, 363–379.
Ewart, KV., Johnson, SC., & Ross, NW. (2001). Lectins of the innate immune system and their relevance to fish health. ICES, Journal of Marine Science, 58, 380–385.
Fracalossi, DM., & Lovell, RT. (1994). Dietary lipid sources influence responses of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) to challenge with the pathogen Edwardsiella ictaluri. Aquaculture, 119, 287–298.
Gadan, K., Marjara, I., Singh., Sundh, H., Sundell, K., & Evensen, Ø. (2012). Slow release cortisol implants result in impaired innate immune responses and higher infection prevalence following experimental challenge with infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 32, 637-644.
Ghafoori, Z., Heidari, B., Farzadfar, F., & Aghamaali, M. (2014). Variations of serum and mucus lysozyme activity and total protein content in the male and female Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamensky 1901) during reproductive period. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 37, 139-146.
Hanif, A., Bakopoulos, V., & Dimitriadis, G.J. (2004). Maternal transfer of humoral specific and non-specific immune parameters to sea bream (Sparus aurata) larvae. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 17, 411–435.
Harris, J., & Bird, DJ. (2000). Modulation of the fish immune system by hormones. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 77, 163–176.
Hayman, JR., & Lobb, CJ. (1993). lmmunoglobulin in the eggs of the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 17, 241–248.
Herrero, MJ., Pascual, M., Madrid, JA., & Sanchez-Vazquez, FJ. (2005). Demand-feeding rhythms and feeding-entrainment of locomotor activity rhythms in tench (Tinca tinca). Physiological Behavior, 84, 595–605.
Hou, YY., Suzuki, Y., & Aida, K. (1999). Effects of steroid hormones on immunoglobulin M (IgM) in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 20, 155–162.
Huang, C., & Song, Y. (1999). Maternal transmission of immunity to white-spot syndrome associated virus (WSSV) in shrimp (Penaeus monodon). Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 23, 545–552.
Huttenhuis, HBT., Grou, CPO., Taverne-Thiele, AJ., Taverne, N., & Rombout, JHWM. (2006). Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) innate immune factors are present before hatching. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 20(4), 586–596.
Izquierdo, MS., Fernandez-Palacios, H., & Tacon, AGJ. (2001). Effect of broodstock nutrition on reproductive performances of fish. Aquaculture, 197, 25–42.
Kiron, V., Fukuda, H., Okamoto, N., & Takeuchi, T. (1995). Protein nutrition and defence mechanisms in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 111, 351–359.
Lin, Shin-Jen., Hsia, Hui-Lan., Liu, Wang-Jing., Huang, Jiun-Yan., Liu, Kuan-Fu., Chen, Wei-Yu., … Wang, Han Ching. (2012). Spawning stress triggers WSSV replication in brooders via the activation of shrimp STAT. Developmental & Comparative Immunology, 38(1), 128-135.
Lovoll, M., Kilvik, T., Boshra, H., Bogwald, J., Sunyer, JO., & Dalmo, RA. (2006). Maternal transfer of complement components C3-1, C3-3, C3-4, C4, C5, C7, Bf, and Df to offspring in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Immunogenetics, 58, 168–179.
Magnadottir, B., Lange, S., Steinarsson, A., & Gudmundsdottir, S. (1985). The ontogenic development of innate immune parameters of cod (Gadus morhua L.). Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 80, 697–706.
Maule, AG., Schrock, R., Slater, C., Fitzpatrick, MS., & Schreck, CB. (1996). Immune and endocrine responses of adult Chinook salmon during freshwater immigration and sexual maturation. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 6, 221–223.
Mulero, I., Garcı´a-Ayala, A., Meseguer, J., & Mulero, V. (2007). Maternal transfer of immunity and ontogeny of autologous immunocompetence of fish: a mini review. Aquaculture, 268, 244–250.
Musthaq, S Syed., & Kwang, J. (2015). Evolution of specific immunity in shrimp – A vaccination perspective against white spot syndrome virus. Developmental & Comparative Immunology, 48, 342 – 353.
Ortuno, J., Esteban, MA., & Messeguer, J. (2001). Effects of short-term crowding stress on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) innate immune response. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 11, 187–197.
Oshima, S., Hata, J., Segawa, C., & Yamashita, S. (1996). Mother to fry, successful transfer of immunity against infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus infection in rainbow trout. Journal of General Virology, 77, 2441–2445.
Person-Le Ruyet, J., Mahe, K., Le Bayon, N., & Le Delliu, H. (2004). Effects of temperature on growth and metabolism in a Mediterranean population of European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax. Aquaculture, 237, 269–280.
Petrie-Hanson, L., & Ainsworth, AJ. (2001). Ontogeny of channel catfish lymphoid organs. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology. 81(1–2), 113–117.
Press, CMcL., & Evensen, O. (1999). The morphology of the immune system in teleost Fishes. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 9, 309–318.
Pulsford, AL., Lemaire-Gony, S., Tomlinson, M., Collingwood, N., & Glynn, PJ. (1994). Effects of acute stress on the immune system of the dab, Limanda limanda. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 109, 129–139.
Romano, N., Taverne-Thiele, AJ., Fanelli, M., Baldassini, MR., Abelli, L., & Mastrolia, L.(1999). Ontogeny of the thymus in a teleost fish, Cyprinus carpio L.: Developing thymocytes in the epithelial microenvironment. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 23, 123–137.
Schreck, CB. (1996). Immunomodulation: endogenous factors. In: Iwama G, Nakanishi T, editors. The fish immune system: organism, pathogen and environment. New York: Academic Press, p. 311–37.
Sin, YM., Ling, KH., & Lam, TJ. (1994). Passive transfer of protective immunity against ichthyophthiriasis from vaccinated mother to fry in tilapias, Oreochromis aureus. Aquaculture, 120, 229–237.
Slater, CH., Fitzpatrick, MS, & Schreck, CB. (1995). Characterization of an androgen Receptor in salmonid lymphocytes: possible link to androgen-induced immunosuppression. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 100, 218–225.
Sumpter, JP. (1997). Environmental control of fish reproduction: a different Perspective. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 17, 25–31.
Suzuki, Y., Otaka, T., Sato, S., Hou, YY., & Aida, K. (1997). Reproduction related Immunoglobulin changes in rainbow trout. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 17, 415–421.
Swain, P., Dash, S., Bal, J., Routray, P., Sahoo, PK., & Saurabh, S. (2006). Passive transfer of maternal antibodies and their existence in eggs, larvae and fry of Indian major carp, Labeo rohita. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 20, 519–522.
Swain, P., Nayak, SK., Sahu, A., Mohapatra, BC., & Meher, PK. (2002). Bath immunization of spawn, fry and fingerlings of Indian major carps using a particulate bacterial antigen. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 13, 133 – 140.
Swain, P., & Nayak, S.K. (2009). Role of maternally derived immunity in fish. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 27, 89 – 99.
Takemura, A. (1996). Immunohistochemical localization of lysozyme in the prelarvae tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 6, 75–77.
Tateno, H., Saneyoshi, A., Ogawa, T., Muramoto, K., Kamiya, H., & Saneyoshi, M. (1998). Isolation and characterization of rhamnose-binding lectins from eggs of steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) homologous to low density lipoprotein receptor superfamily. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 273(30), 19190–19197.
Tort, L., Balasch, JC., & Mackenzie, S. (2003). Fish immune system. A crossroads between innate and adaptive responses. Immunologıa, 22(3), 277–286.
Verlhac, V., & Gabaudan, J. (1994). Influence of vitamin C on the immune system of salmonids. Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, 25, 21–36.
Verlhac, V., Obach, A., Gabaudan, J., Schuep, W., & Hole, R. (1998). Immunomodulation by dietary vitamin C and glucan in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 8, 409–424.
Wang, R., & Belosevic, M. (1994). Estradiol increases susceptibility of goldfish to Trypanosoma Danilewskyi. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 18(5), 377–387.
Wang, Z., Wu, Y., Hu, Q., & Li, Y. (2015). Differences on the biological function of three Ig isotypes in zebrafish: A gene expression profile. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 44, 283 – 286.
Watanabe, T. (1985). Importance of the study of brood stock nutrition for further development of aquaculture. In: Cowey CB, Mackie AM, Bell JG, editors. Nutrition and feeding in fish. London: Academic Press. p. 395–414.
Watanuki, H., Yamaguchi, T., & Sakai, M. (2002). Suppression in function of phagocytic cells in common carp Cyprinus carpio L. injected with estradiol, progesterone or 11-ketotestosterone, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Toxicology and Pharmacology, 132(4), 407–413.
Williams, TD. (1994). Intraspecific variation in egg size and egg composition: effects on offspring fitness. Biological Reviews, 68, 35–59.
Yamaguchi, T., Watanuki, H., & Sakai, M. (2001). Effects of estradiol, progesterone and testosterone on the function of carp, Cyprinus carpio, phagocytes in vitro. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C Toxicology and Pharmacology, 129(1), 49–55.
Yang, Q., Zhou, X., Jiang, J., & Liu, Y. (2008). Effect of dietary vitamin A deficiency on growth performance, feed utilization and immune responses of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). Aquaculture Research, 39(8), 902–906.
Yousif, AN., Albrightl, LJ., & Evelyn, TPT. (1995). Immunological evidence for the presence of an IgM-like immunoglobulin in the eggs of coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 23, 109–114.
Yousif, AN., Albright, LJ., & Evelyn, TPT. (1994). Purification and characterization of a galactose-specific lectin from the eggs of coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch, and its interaction with bacterial fish pathogens. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 20(2), 127–136.
Zhang, S, Wang, Z, & Wang H. (2013). Maternal immunity in fish. Developmental & Comparative Immunology, 39(1-2), 72 – 78. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2012.02.009.
Zhong, MC., & Huang, Z. (1995). Ontogeny of lymphomyeloid organs in catfish (Silurus asotus L.). Journal of Fisheries of China, 19(3): 258–262.