Identification and characterization of Streptococcus agalactiae recovered from farmed tilapia in Chiang Mai
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Oct 25, 2018
Keywords:
Characterization Chiang Mai Identification Streptococcus agalactiae Tilapia
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Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae is a bacterial pathogen affecting farmed tilapia losses. In this study, five bacterial samples were recovered from farmed tilapia in Chiang Mai. They were identified and characterized by standard conventional methods, Lancefield serogrouping, biochemical assay with API 20 STREP, confirmed S. agalactiae and capsular typing by PCR. Bacterial growth and antibiotic susceptibility were also investigated. The results showed that all isolates were Gram-positive cocci, mostly in long chains, white colonies measuring 1-2 mm and grow from 28 to 37 oC at 24-48 h. They appeared β-hemolysis, non-motile, catalase and oxidase negative, CAMP test positive but no grow at higher than 2% NaCl and serogroup B. The biochemical profiles showed some differences in reactions while all the PCR samples were confirmed as S. agalactiae serotype III. The bacterial growth were similar including lag phase at 0-3 h, log phase at 3-12 h, stationary phase at 12-54 h and death phase after 54 h. In addition, the isolates were susceptible to oxytetracycline, sulphamethoxazole/ trimethoprim, enrofloxacin, amoxycillin, penicillin and chloramphenicol.
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Wongsathein, D., Kaewngernsong, N., Raksri, S., Khattiya, R., Potha, T., & Boonyayatra, S. (2018). Identification and characterization of Streptococcus agalactiae recovered from farmed tilapia in Chiang Mai. Veterinary Integrative Sciences, 16(3), 271–284. Retrieved from https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/vis/article/view/156747
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References
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Mian, G.F., Godoy, D.T., Leal, C.A.G., Yuhara, T.Y., Costa, G.M. and Figueiredo, H.C.P. 2009. Aspects of the natural history and virulence of S. agalactiae infection in nile tilapia. Vet. Microbiol., 136, 180-183.
Miles, A.A., Misra, S.S. and Irwin, J.O. 1938. The estimation of the bactericidal power of the blood. J Hygiene, 38, 732-749.
Poyart, C., Tazi, A., Réglier-Poupet, H., Billoët, A., Tavares, N., Raymond, J. and Trieu-Cuot, P. 2007. Multiplex PCR assay for rapid and accurate capsular typing of group B streptococci. J. Clin. Microbiol., 45, 1985–1988.
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Tortora, G.J., Funke, B.R. and Case, C.L. 2007. Microbiology: An introduction. 9th edition. Pearson Benjamin Cummings, London.
Abuseliana, A., Daud, H., Abdul-Aziz, S., Khairani-Bejo, S. and Alsaid, M. 2010. Streptococcus agalactiae the etiological agent of mass mortality in farmed red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 9, 2640-2646.
Alsaid, M., Daud, H.M., Mustapha, N.M., Bejo, S.K., Abdelhadi, Y.M., Abuseliana, A.F. and Hamdan, R.H. 2013. Pathologicl findings of experimental Streptococcus agalactiae infection in red hyprid tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). International Conference on Chemical, Agricultural and Medical Sciences (CAMS-2013) Dec. 29-30, 2013 Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia).
Austin, B. and Austin, D.A. 2007. Bacterial fish pathogens. Diseases of Farmed and Wild Fish. 4th ed. Springer/Prazis Publishing, Chichester. pp. 552. Azad, I.S., Al-Marzouk, A., James, C.M., Almatar, S., Al-Gharabally, H. and Qasem, J.A. 2012. Outbreak of natural Streptococcosis in hatchery produced silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus Euphrasen) larvae in Kuwait. Aquaculture, 330-333, 15-20.
Bowater, R.O., Forbes-Faulkner, J., Anderson, I.G., Condon, K., Robinson, B., Kong, F., Gilbert, G.L., Reynolds, A., Hyland, S., McPherson, G., Brien, J.O. and Blyde D. 2012. Natural outbreak of Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) infection in wild giant Queensland grouper, Epinephelus lanceolatus (Bloch), and other wild fish in northern Queensland, Australia. J Fish Dis, 35, 173-186.
Bergey, D.H., Buchanan, R.E., Gibbons, N.E. (Eds.), 1974. Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology, 8th ed. ed. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore.
Bergey, D.H., Krieg, N.R., Holt, J.G., Sneath, P.H.A. (Eds.), 1984. Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore.
Buller, N.B. 2004. Bacteria from fish and other aquatic animals: A Practical Identification Manual. CABI Publishing, Wallingford. pp. 361.
Eldar, A., Bejerano, Y., Livoff, A., Horovitcz, A. and Bercovier, H. 1995. Experimental streptococcal meningo-encephalitis in cultured fish. Vet. Microbiol., 43, 33-40.
Eldar, A., Gloria, M., Ghittino, C., Zlotkin, A. and Bercovier, H. 1999. Biodiversity of Lactococcus garviae strains isolated from fish in Europe, Asia, and Australia. Appl. Environ. Microb., 65, 1005-1008.
El-Huneidi, W., Mui, R., Zhang, T.H. and Plamer, M. 2007. Streptococcus agalactiae CAMP factor/protein B does not bind to human IgG. Med. Microbiol. Immun., 196, 73– 77.
Evans, J.J., Klesius, P.H., Gilbert, P.M., Shoemaker, C.A., Al Sarawi, M.A., Landsberg, J., Duremdez, R., Al Marzouk, A. and Al Zenki, S. 2002. Characterization of β-haemolytic Group B Streptococcus agalactiae in cultured seabream, Sparus auratus L., and wild mullet, Liza klunzingeri (Day), in Kuwait. J. Fish Dis., 25, 505-513.
Evans, J.J., Klesius, P.H. and Shoemaker, C.A. 2009. First isolation and characterization of Lactococcus garvieae from Brazilian Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.), and pintado, Pseudoplathystoma corruscans (Spix & Agassiz). J. Fish Dis., 32, 943–951.
Frerichs, G.N., Millar, S.D., 1993. Manual for the Isolation and Identification of fish bacterial pathogens. Pisces Press,Stirling, Stirling.
Gross, T., Faull, J., Ketteridge, S. and Springham, D. 1995. Introductory microbiology. Champman & Hall, London.
Iregui, C.A., Comas, J., Vasquez, G.M. and Verjan, N. 2016. Experimental early pathogenesis of Streptococcus agalactiae infection in red tilapia Oreochromis spp.. J. Fish Dis., 39, 205-215.
Kayansamruaj, P., Pirarat, N., Hirono, I. and Rodkhum, C. 2014. Increasing of temperature induces pathogenicity of Streptococcus agalactiae and the up-regulation of in flammatory related genes in infected nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Vet. Microbiol., 172, 265-271.
Li, W., Su, Y.L., Mai, Y.Z., Li, Y.W., Mo, Z.Q. and Li, A.X. 2014. Comparative proteome analysis of two Streptococcus agalactiae strains from cultured tilapia with different virulence. Vet. Microbiol., 170, 135-143.
MacFaddin, J.F., 1980. Biochemical tests for identification of medical bacteria, 2nd ed. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, Md.
Meiri-Bendek, I., Lipkin, E., Friedmann, A., Leitner, G., Saran, A., Friedman, S. and Kashi, Y. 2002. A PCR-based method for the detection of Streptococcus agalactiae in milk. J. Dairy Sci., 85, 1717-1723.
Mian, G.F., Godoy, D.T., Leal, C.A.G., Yuhara, T.Y., Costa, G.M. and Figueiredo, H.C.P. 2009. Aspects of the natural history and virulence of S. agalactiae infection in nile tilapia. Vet. Microbiol., 136, 180-183.
Miles, A.A., Misra, S.S. and Irwin, J.O. 1938. The estimation of the bactericidal power of the blood. J Hygiene, 38, 732-749.
Poyart, C., Tazi, A., Réglier-Poupet, H., Billoët, A., Tavares, N., Raymond, J. and Trieu-Cuot, P. 2007. Multiplex PCR assay for rapid and accurate capsular typing of group B streptococci. J. Clin. Microbiol., 45, 1985–1988.
Rodkhum, C., Kayansamruaj, P. and Pirarat, N. 2011. Effect of water temperature on susceptibility to Streptococcus agalactiae serotype Ia infection in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Thai J. Vet. Med., 41, 309-314.
Slotved, H.C., Kong, F., Lambertsen, L., Sauer, S. and Gilbert, G.L. 2007. Serotype IX, a proposed new Streptococcus agalactiae serotype. J. Clin. Microbiol., 45, 2929– 2936
Suanyuk, N., Kong, F., Ko, D., Gilbert, G.L. and Supamattaya, K. 2008. Occurrence of rare genotypes of Streptococcus agalactiae in cultured red tilapia Oreochromis sp. and nile tilapia O. niloticus in Thailand—relationship to human isolates?. Aqua culture, 284, 35–40.
Tortora, G.J., Funke, B.R. and Case, C.L. 2007. Microbiology: An introduction. 9th edition. Pearson Benjamin Cummings, London.