Effects of oil and grape seed tannin extract on intakes, digestibility, milk yield and composition of Saanen goats https://doi.org/10.12982/VIS.2023.004
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
An experiment was conducted as a 4×4 Latin square design using 4 lactating Saanen goats, 19 months old and 47.9±1.04 kg of body weight, to evaluate the effect of oil and grape seed tannin extract (GSTE) supplementation on feed intake, digestibility, milk yield and milk composition. Each experimental period lasted for 21 days including 16 days for adjustment and 5 days for sampling. Goats were fed a control diet (Ctrl) consisting of 60% concentrate and 40% fresh Para grass (dry matter, DM, basis) while other 3 treatments were supplementation of 2.5% soybean oil (SO); 2.5% soybean oil + tuna fish oil at 3:2 w:w (SFO); 2.5% soybean oil + tuna fish oil at 3:2 w:w + 0.8% GSTE (OCT). The results showed that oil and GSTE did not affect feed intake, digestibility, milk yield and composition of goats (P > 0.05). However, digestibility of EE was higher (P < 0.05) in SFO and OCT diets (85.4% and 84.7%, respectively) compared with Ctrl (76.2%). Combined data suggested that feeding 2.5% oil blend with or without 0.8% GSTE increased EE digestibility in goats without affecting intake, animal performance and milk composition.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Publishing an article with open access in Veterinary Integrative Sciences leaves the copyright with the author. The article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0), which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited.
References
Almeida, O.C., Ferraz, M.V.C., Susin, I., Gentil, R.S., Polizel, D.M., Ferreira, E.M., Barroso, J.P.R., Pires, A.V., 2019. Plasma and milk fatty acid profiles in goats fed diets supplemented with oils from soybean, linseed or fish. Small Rumin. Res. 170,125-130.
AOAC, 1991. Official method of analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Maryland.
Bernard, L., Leroux, C., Chilliard, Y., 2008. Expression and nutritional regulation of lipogenic genes in the ruminant lactating mammary gland. In: Bösze Z. (Ed.), Bioactive components of milk (Advances in experimental medicine and biology), Springer, New York, pp. 67-108.
Boeckaert, C., Fievez, V., Hecke, D.V., Verstraete, W., Boon, N., 2007. Changes in rumen biohydrogenation intermediates and ciliate protozoa diversity after algae supplementation to dairy cattle. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 109(8), 767-777.
Bouattour, M., Casals, R., Albanell, E., Such, X., Caja, G., 2008. Feeding soybean oil to dairy goats increases conjugated linoleic acid in milk. J. Dairy Sci. 91(6), 2399-2407.
Bruinenberg, M., Valk, H., Korevaar, H., Struik, P., 2002. Factors affecting digestibility of temperate forages from seminatural grasslands: a review. Grass Forage Sci. 57(3),292-301.
Candyrine, S.C.L., Jahromi, M.F., Ebrahimi, M., Chen, W.L., Rezaei, S., Goh, Y.M.,Abdullah, N., Liang, J.B., 2019. Oil supplementation improved growth and diet digestibility in goats and sheep fed fattening diet. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci.32(4), 533-540.
Gebauer, S.K., Chardigny, J.-M., Jakobsen, M.U., Lamarche, B., Lock, A.L., Proctor, S.D.,Baer, D.J., 2011. Effects of ruminant trans fatty acids on cardiovascular disease and cancer: a comprehensive review of epidemiological, clinical, and mechanistic studies. Adv. Nutr. 2(4), 332-354.
Gómez-Cortés, P., Frutos, P., Mantecón, A.R., Juárez, M., de la Fuente, M.A., Hervás, G.,2008. Milk production, conjugated linoleic acid content, and in vitro ruminal fermentation in response to high levels of soybean oil in dairy ewe diet. J. Dairy Sci.91(4), 1560-1569.
Grądzka, I., Sochanowicz, B., Brzóska, K., Wójciuk, G., Sommer, S., Wojewódzka, M., Gasińska, A., Degen, C., Jahreis, G., Szumiel, I., 2013. Cis-9, trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid affects lipid raft composition and sensitizes human colorectal adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells to X-radiation. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (BBA)-General Subjects. 1830(1), 2233-2242.
Hamzaoui, S., Caja, G., Such, X., Albanell, E., Salama, A.A., 2021. Effect of soybean oil supplementation on milk production, digestibility, and metabolism in dairy goats under thermoneutral and heat stress conditions. Animals. 11(2), 350.
Huang, C.Q., Gasser, R.B., Cantacessi, C., Nisbet, A.J., Zhong, W., Sternberg, P.W., Loukas, A., Mulvenna, J., Lin, R.Q., Chen, N., 2008. Genomic-bioinformatic analysis of transcripts enriched in the third-stage larva of the parasitic nematode Ascaris suum. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2(6), e246.
Jacobs, A.A., van Baal, J., Smits, M.A., Taweel, H.Z., Hendriks, W.H., van Vuuren, A.M.,Dijkstra, J., 2011. Effects of feeding rapeseed oil, soybean oil, or linseed oil on stearoyl-CoA desaturase expression in the mammary gland of dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 94(2), 874-887.
Joyce, T., Wallace, A.J., McCarthy, S.N., Gibney, M.J., 2009. Intakes of total fat, saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in Irish children, teenagers and adults. Public Health Nutr. 12(2), 156-165.
Kohn, R., Dinneen, M., Russek-Cohen, E., 2005. Using blood urea nitrogen to predict nitrogen excretion and efficiency of nitrogen utilization in cattle, sheep, goats, horses, pigs, and rats. J. Anim. Sci. 83(4), 879-889.
Krishnamoorthy, U., Moran, J. 2012. Rearing young ruminants on milk replacers and starter feeds. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. Liu, E., VandeHaar, M., Lock, A., 2020. Effects of supplementing Holstein cows with soybean oil compared with palmitic acid–enriched triglycerides on milk production and nutrient partitioning. J. Dairy Sci. 103(9), 8151-8160.
McDonald, P., Edwards, R.A., Greenhalgh, J.F.D., Morgan, C.A., Sinclair, L.A., Wilkinson, R.G., 2010. Animal nutrition. Pearson, London. Mele, M., Serra, A., Buccioni, A.,Conte, G., Pollicardo, A., Secchiari, P., 2008. Effect of soybean oil supplementation on milk fatty acid composition from Saanen goats fed diets with different forage: concentrate ratios. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 7(3), 297-311.
Naumann, H.D., Tedeschi, L.O., Zeller, W.E., Huntley, N.F., 2017. The role of condensed tannins in ruminant animal production: advances, limitations and future directions.R. Bras. Zootec. 46, 929-949.
NRC, 2001. National research council: nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. National Academy Press, Washington D.C. Nudda, A., Correddu, F., Marzano, A., Battacone, G., Nicolussi, P., Bonelli, P., Pulina, G., 2015. Effects of diets containing grape seed, linseed, or both on milk production
traits, liver and kidney activities, and immunity of lactating dairy ewes. J. Dairy Sci. 98(2), 1157-1166.
Palmquist, D.L., 1994. The role of dietary fats in efficiency of ruminants. J. Nutr. 124(8),1377S-1382S.
Powell, J., Aguerre, M., Wattiaux, M., 2011. Tannin extracts abate ammonia emissions from simulated dairy barn floors. J. Environ. Qual. 40(3), 907-914.
Qin, J., Xiang, M., Jia, M., Cheng, F., Zhang, L., Schmidt, B.V., Liu, J., Xie, S., 2020. Combined opportunistic and equilibrium life-history traits facilitate successful invasions of the Shimofuri goby (Tridentiger bifasciatus). Aquat. Invasions. 15(3),514–528.
Silva, T.M., Oliveira, R.L., Barbosa, L.P., Neto, A.F.G., Bagaldo, A.R., Lanna, D.P.D., Silva, M.C.A.d., Jesus, I.B.d., 2011. Preliminary study on meat quality of goats fed levels of licury oil in the diet. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 24(8), 1112-1119.
Thanh, L.P., Kha, P.T.T., Loor, J.J., Hang, T.T.T., 2022. Grape seed tannin extract and polyunsaturated fatty acids affect in vitro ruminal fermentation and methane production. J. Anim. Sci. 100(3), skac039.
Thanh, L.P., Phakachoed, N., Meeprom, C., Suksombat, W., 2018. Replacement of fish oil for sunflower oil in growing goat diet induces shift of ruminal fermentation and fatty acid concentration without affecting intake and digestion. Small Rumin. Res. 165,71-78.
Tshuma, T., Holm, D.E., Fosgate, G.T., Lourens, D.C., 2014. Pre-breeding blood urea nitrogen concentration and reproductive performance of Bonsmara heifers within different management systems. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 46(6), 1023-1030.
Van Duinkerken, G., André, G., Smits, M., Monteny, G., Šebek, L., 2005. Effect of rumen-degradable protein balance and forage type on bulk milk urea concentration and emission of ammonia from dairy cow houses. J. Dairy Sci. 88(3), 1099-1112.
Van Soest, P.V., Robertson, J.B., Lewis, B.A., 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J.Dairy Sci. 74(10), 3583-3597.
Waghorn, G., 2008. Beneficial and detrimental effects of dietary condensed tannins for sustainable sheep and goat production—Progress and challenges. Anim. Feed Sci.Technol. 147(1-3), 116-139.
Westwood, C., Lean, I., Garvin, J., Wynn, P., 2000. Effects of genetic merit and varying dietary protein degradability on lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 83(12),2926-2940.