First evidence of sea lice (Caligus fugu) infestation in captive map pufferfish in Thailand: Case report https://doi.org/10.12982/VIS.2023.064
Main Article Content
Abstract
A captive map pufferfish from Phuket Sea region presented with abnormal posture of swimming and breathing. The veterinarian found ectoparasites on the puffer’s fins and skin. With the morphology under stereomicroscope, Caligus fugu was identified. With previously limited information, this report introduced the first evidence of C. fugu infestation in map pufferfish, Thailand. The puffer was successfully treated with 0.0075% hydrogen peroxide against adult C. fugu with negative for parasitic organisms. The importance of ectoparasites in aquaculture, especially in aquariums should be considered. In addition, we encourage further studies of genetic diversity and also seasonal occurrence of genus Caligus in Thailand to fulfill the understanding of the epidemiological factors of this pathogen.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Publishing an article with open access in Veterinary Integrative Sciences leaves the copyright with the author. The article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0), which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited.
References
Boxshall, G.A., El-Rashidy, H.H., 2009. A review of the Caligus productus species group with a new species, new synonymies and supplementary descriptions. Zootaxa. 2271, 1-26.
Bravo, S., Treasurer, J., Sepulveda, M., Lagos, C., 2010. Effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide in the control of Caligus rogercresseyi in Chile and implications for sea louse management. Aquaculture. 303(1), 22-27.
Bruno, D.W., Raynard, R.S., 1994. Studies on the use of hydrogen peroxide as a method for the control of sea lice on Atlantic salmon. Aquac. Int. 2(1), 10–18.
Costello, M.J., 2006. Ecology of sea lice parasitic on farmed and wild fish. Trends. Parasitol.22(10), 475–483.
Costello, M.J., 2009. The global economic cost of sea lice to the salmonid farming industry.J. Fish. Dis. 32(1), 115–118.
Freeman, M.A., Ogawa, K., 2010. Variation in the small subunit ribosomal DNA confirms that Udonella (Monogenea: Udonellidae) is a species-richgroup. Int. J. Parasitol. 40,255–264.
Grave, K., Horsberg, T.E., Lunestad, B.T., Litleskare, I., 2004. Consumption of drugs for sea lice infestations in Norwegian fish farms: methods for assessment of treatment patterns and treatment rate. Dis. Aquat. 60(2), 123-131.
Hayes, P.M., Christison, K.W., Vaughan, D.B., Smit, N. J., Boxshall, G.A., 2021. Sea lice (Copepoda: Caligidae) from South Africa, with descriptions of two new species of Caligus. Syst. Parasitol. 98(4), 369–397.
Hayward, C.J., Bott, N.J. Nowak, B.F., 2009. Seasonal epizootics of sea lice, Caligus spp.,on southern bluefin tuna, Thunnus maccoyii (Castelnau), in a long-term farming trial. J. Fish. Dis. 32, 101-106.
Jackson, D., Deady, S., Leahy, Y., Hassett, D., 1997. Variations in parasitic caligid infestations on farmed salmonids and implications for their management. ICES J.Mar. Sci. 54, 1104–1112.
Johnson, S.C., Fast, M.D., 2004. Interactions between sea lice and their hosts. Symp. Soc.Exp. Biol. (55), 131–245.
Johnson, S.C., Margolis, L., 1993. Efficacy of ivermectin for control of the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis on Atlantic salmon. Dis. Aquat. 17(2), 101-105.
Kristoffersen, A.B., Rees, E.E., Stryhn, H., Ibarra, R., Campisto, J.L., Revie, C.W., St-Hilaire, S., 2013. Understanding sources of sea lice for salmon farms in Chile. Prev.Vet. Med. 111(1-2), 165–175.
Liu, Y., Bjelland, H.V., 2014. Estimating costs of sea lice control strategy in Norway. Prev.Vet. Med. 117(3-4), 469–477.
Marín, S.L., Ibarra, R., Medina, M.H., Jansen, P.A., 2015. Sensitivity of Caligus rogercresseyi (Boxshall and Bravo 2000) to pyrethroids and azamethiphos measured using bioassay tests-A large scale spatial study. Prev. Vet. Med. 122(1-2), 33–41.
Niyom, N., Purivirojkul, W., 2020. Prevalence study of gill parasites of Sillaginid fish from the upper Gulf of Thailand and new host records. Agric. Nat. Resour. 54(4), 363–368.
Ogawa, K., Inouye, K., 1997. Parasites of cultured tiger puffer (Takifugu rubripes) and their seasonal occurrences, with descriptions of two new species of Gyrodactylus. Fish.Pathol. 32(1), 7-14.
Ohtsuka, S., Takami, I., Venmathi Maran, B.A., Ogawa, K., Shimono, T., Fujita, Y., Asakawa,M., Boxshall, G.A., 2009. Developmental stages and growth of PseudoCaligus fugu Yamaguti, 1936 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida:Caligidae) host-specific to puffer. J.Nat. Hist. 43, 1779–1804.
Okawachi, H., Ohtsuka, S., Ismail, N.B., Venmathi Maran, B.A., Ogawa, K., 2012. Seasonal occurrence and microhabitat of the hyperparasitic monogenean Udonella fugu on the caligid Copepod PseudoCaligus fugu infecting the grass puffer Takifugu
niphobles in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. Ocean. Sci. 47(3), 181–187.
Purivirojkul, W., Areechon, N., 2008. A survey of parasitic Copepods in marine fishes from the Gulf of Thailand, Chon Buri Province. Agric. Nat. Resour. 42(5), 40-48.
Revie, C.W., Gettinby, G., Treasurer, J.W., Grant, A.N., Reid, S.W., 2002. Sea lice infestations on farmed Atlantic salmon in Scotland and the use of ectoparasitic treatments. Vet. Rec. 151(25), 753–757.
Stoskopf, M.K., 1993. Marine tropical fishes. In: Stoskopf, M.K. (Ed.), Fish medicine. W.B.Saunders Company, Mexico, pp. 603-660.
Torrissen, O., Jones, S., Asche, F., Guttormsen, A., Skilbrei, O.T., Nilsen, F., Horsberg, T.E.,Jackson, D., 2013. Salmon lice - impact on wild salmonids and salmon aquaculture.J. Fish. Dis. 36(3), 171–194.
Treasurer, J.W., Wadsworth, S., Grant, A., 2000. Resistance of sea lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer), to hydrogen peroxide on farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L.Aquac. Res. 31(11), 855-860.
Venmathi Maran, B.A., Ohtsuka, S., Takami, I., Okabe, S., Boxshall, G.A., 2011. Recent advances in the biology of the parasitic copepod Pseudocaligus fugu (Siphonostomatoida, Caligidae), host specific to pufferfish of the genus Takifugu (Actinopterygii, Tetraodontidae). In: Asakura, A., Fransen, C. (Eds.), Crustaceana monographs 15: new frontiers in crustacean biology. Brill, Leiden, pp. 31-45.
Yamaguti, S., 1936. Parasitic copepods from fishes of Japan. Part 2. Caligoida. Publ. Seto Mar. Bioi. Lab. I, 1-22.