Genetic characterization of canine distemper virus from infected dogs in Can Tho City, Mekong Delta, Vietnam https://doi.org/10.12982/VIS.2024.060
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Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the endemicity and determine the genetic characteristics of canine distemper virus (CDV) in Can Tho City. A study was carried out on 1,120 dogs raised in Can Tho City, and there were 150 dogs showed clinical signs of canine distemper. The result showed 68/150 (45.33%) dogs were positive for CDV, which was determined based on the test kit of Rapid Test Immumo provided by Asan company (Korea). Dogs under 6 months-age had the highest infection rate (68.00%), significantly higher than other age groups (P<0.05). Male dogs (50%) were more affected than females (41.86%). Exotic dogs showed a higher CDV infection rate compared to domestic dogs, with statistical significance (P<0.05). All dogs displayed clinical signs such as anorectic, moodiness, fever, sneezing, and eye conjunctivitis. Vaccinated dogs had a lower infection rate (6.25%) compared to unvaccinated or under-vaccinated dogs (80% and 69.57% respectively). The study on genetic characteristics of 7 representative Distemper virus strains isolated from the infected dogs was conducted via sequencing the H gene. Genetic analysis of seven representative CDV strains revealed a high similarity (99.82-99.96%) among isolated strains, indicating a common origin and frequent circulation in the study area. Nucleotide similarity with strains in the GenBank ranged from 93.26% to 99.56%, and with vaccine strains from 96.72% to 97.08%. The isolated CDV
strains belonged to the Asia 1 lineage, commonly found in Vietnam and other Asian countries.
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