Hypo-osmotic swelling test discriminates potentially more viable boar spermatozoa diluted using various extenders at different storage times https://doi.org/10.12982/VIS.2024.076
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Boar semen samples are normally tested across multiple parameters to ensure maximum performance. However, conventional semen quality parameters may not provide a robust indication of the fertility potential of spermatozoa. This study examined sperm plasma membrane integrity using the hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST). It was hypothesized that HOST could effectively select possibly more viable spermatozoa despite normality in other parameters. Semen samples (n=15) from five boars were processed into AI doses (~37.5 x 106 spz/mL) using five different commercial extenders: Androstar Plus, BTS, Dilufert Silver, MIII, and VIM. Using Sperm Class Analyzer® CASA system, total and progressive motility, and plasma membrane integrity using dye exclusion test and HOST were evaluated at Day 0, Day 3, and Day 5 of storage. Boar 2 tended to have more HOSTpositive spermatozoa over the other boars in Dilufert Silver, VIM, and Androstar Plus extenders in both Day 3 and Day 5 and in BTS at Day 3. Several significant interactions were also observed when storage times, extenders used, and the kind of boars were considered. Moreover, the total and progressively motile spermatozoa did not vary between boars and different extenders across different storage durations, except for MIII between Day 0 and Day 5. Hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST) could serve as a useful test for detecting the functional integrity of boar sperm and sensitive enough to discriminate potentially more viable spermatozoa particularly when applied in small-scale swine operations without advanced capacity for comprehensive semen analyses.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Publishing an article with open access in Veterinary Integrative Sciences leaves the copyright with the author. The article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0), which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited.
References
Althouse, G.C., 2007. Artificial insemination in swine: Boar stud management. In: Youngquist, R.S., Threlfall, W.R. (Eds.), Current Therapy in Large Animal Theriogenology. Elsevier Inc. pp. 731-738.
Althouse, G.C., Wilson, M.E., Kuster, C., Parsley, M., 1998. Characterization of lower temperature storage limitations of fresh-extended porcine semen. Theriogenology. 50, 535-543.
Buranaamnuay, K., Singlor, J., Tummaruk, P., Techakumphu, K., 2008. The establishment of boar semen cryopreservation in Thailand: Postthaw semen quality, sperm concentration and variation among ejaculations. Thai J. Agri. Sci. 41, 135-141.
Buranaamnuay, K., Tummaruk., P., Singlor, J., Rodriguez-Martinez, H., Techakumphu, M., 2009. Effects of straw volume and equex-stm® on boar sperm quality after cryopreservation. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 44, 69-73.
Chanapiwat, .P, Kaeoket, K., Tummaruk P., 2012a. Cryopreservation of boar semen by egg yolk-based extenders containing lactose or fructose is better than sorbitol. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. 74, 351-354.
Chanapiwat, P., Kaeoket., K, Tummaruk., P., 2012b. Improvement of the frozen boar semen quality by docosahexaenoic acid (dha) and l-cysteine supplementation. African Journal of Biotechnology. 11, 3697-3703.
Colenbrander, B., Feitsma, H., Grooten, H., 1993. Optimizing semen production for artificial insemination in swine. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility Supplement. 207-207.
Dinno A., 2015. Nonparametric pairwise multiple comparisons in independent groups using dunn's test. The Stata Journal. 15, 292-300.
Frydrychova, S., Cerovsky, J., Lustykova, A., Rozkot, M., 2010. Effects of long-term liquid commercial semen extender and storage time on the membrane quality of boar semen. Czech Journal of Animal Science. 55, 160-166.
Gross-sampson, M., 2020. Statistical analysis in JASP, 4th ed. Centre for Science and Medicine in Sport & Exercise, University of Greenwich.
Jeyendran, R., Van Der Ven H., Zaneveld, L., 1992. The hypoosmotic swelling test: An update. Archives of Andrology. 29, 105-116.
Johnson, L., Weitze, K., Fiser P., Maxwell, W., 2000. Storage of boar semen. Animal Reproduction Science. 62, 143-172.
Khan, M., Naskar, S., Das, A., Bardoli, R., 2006. Comparative efficacy of different diluents on liquid preservation of boar semen. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences. 76, 780.
Knox, R.V., 2016. Artificial insemination in pigs today. Theriogenology. 85, 83-93.
Lechniak, D., Kedzierski, A., Stanislawski, D., 2002. The use of hos test to evaluate membrane functionality of boar sperm capacitated in vitro. Reprod Domest Anim. 37, 379-380.
Michos, I., Tsantarliotou, M., Boscos, C.M., Tsousis, G., Basioura, A., Tzika, E.D., Tassis, P.D., Lymberopoulos, A.G., Tsakmakidis, I.A., 2021. Effect of boar sperm proteins and quality changes on field fertility. Animals. 11, 1813.
Peña, S.J.T., Gummow, B., Parker, A.J., Paris, D.B.B.P., 2017. Revisiting summer infertility in the pig: Could heat stress-induced sperm DNA damage negatively affect early embryo development? Animal Production Science. 57, 1975-1983.
Peña, S.J.T., Pagente, M., Ymas, B., Janier, M., 2023. Bacteriospermia among smallholder artificial insemination boars in the Philippines and potential associated factors. Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction. 12, 35-41.
Pérez-llano, B., Lorenzo, J.L., Yenes, P., Trejo, A., García-Casado., P., 2001. A short hypoosmotic swelling test for the prediction of boar sperm fertility. Theriogenology. 56, 387-398.
Pérez-Llano, B., Yenes-Garcı́a, P., Garcı́a-Casado, P., 2003. Four subpopulations of boar spermatozoa defined according to their response to the short hypoosmotic swelling test and acrosome status during incubation at 37 °c. Theriogenology. 60, 1401-1407.
Pezo, F., Romero, F., Zambrano, F., Sánchez, R.S., 2019. Preservation of boar semen: An update. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 54, 423-434.
Pursel, V., Johnson, L., Rampacek, G., 1972. Acrosome morphology of boar spermatozoa incubated before cold shock. Journal of Animal Science. 34, 278-283.
Rodriguez-Martinez, H., 2001. Sperm function in cattle and pigs: Morphological and functional aspects. Archiv Fur Tierzucht. 44: 102-113.
Rodriguez‐Martinez, H., 2003. Laboratory semen assessment and prediction of fertility: Still utopia? Reproduction in domestic animals. 38(4): 312-318.
Rodriguez, A.L., Van Soom, A., Arsenakis, I., Maes, D., 2017. Boar management and semen handling factors affect the quality of boar extended semen. Porcine Health Management. 3(1): 15.
Samardžija, M., Dobranić, T., Krušlin, S., Cergolj, M., Karadjole, M, Prvanović, N., Grizelj, J., 2008. The use of the hypoosmotic swelling test and supravital staining in evaluation of sperm quality in boars. Veterinarski arhiv. 78(4): 279-287.
Saravia, F, Wallgren, M., Nagy, S., Johannisson, A., Rodríguez-Martínez H., 2005. Deep freezing of concentrated boar semen for intra-uterine insemination: Effects on sperm viability. Theriogenology. 63(5): 1320-1333.
Schulze, M., Buder, S., Rüdiger, K., Beyerbach, M., Waberski, D., 2014. Influences on semen traits used for selection of young ai boars. Animal reproduction science. 148(3-4): 164-170.
Vazquez, J.M., Martinez, E.A., Martinez, P., Garcia-Artiga, C., Roca J., 1997., Hypoosmotic swelling of boar spermatozoa compared to other methods for analysing the sperm membrane. Theriogenology. 47(4): 913-922.
Watson, P.F., 2000. The causes of reduced fertility with cryopreserved semen. Animal Reproduction Science. 60–61(0): 481-492.
Wiebke, M., Hensel, B., Nitsche-Melkus., E, Jung, M., Schulze, M., 2022. Cooled storage of semen from livestock animals (part i): Boar, bull, and stallion. Animal Reproduction Science. 246: 106822.
Yeste, M., 2018. State-of-the-art of boar sperm preservation in liquid and frozen state. Animal Reproduction. 14(1): 69-81.