Prevalence, Molecular detection and Therapeutic efficacy against Aspergillosis in Indigenous chickens in Bangladesh https://doi.org/10.12982/VIS.2025.050
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
In Bangladesh, a significant challenge of raising traditional chicken breeds during the early stages of chicks is brooder pneumonia, a fungal disease primarily caused by Aspergillus spp. The prevalence, risk factors, and appropriate therapeutic measures for indigenous chicken have not been thoroughly explored, and this study was aimed to investigate these in native chicken. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Joypurhat district of Bangladesh from November 2022 to October 2023, involving a sample size of 394 birds. The primary focus was post-mortem analysis, with suspected samples cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) medium, followed by PCR assay. The prevalence of Aspergillosis was found to be 12.18% (n = 48/394), with rates of 11.24% (n = 10/89) for Naked Neck and 12.46% (n = 38/305) for Native breeds. The higher prevalence among chicks aged 0–15 days (18.96%) was found. Aspergillus fumigatus was identified as the most prevalent fungal species. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified three significant risk factors: age (0–15 days, OR = 5.38), season (winter, OR = 3.55), and litter condition (Moist, OR = 14.88). In the experimental infection groups, Group B treated with Itraconazole showed a significantly lower overall recovery time and mortality percentage (P<0.05). The therapeutic measures indicated that Itraconazole, in combination with Toxin Binder (Two-Plus Vet), NSAID drug (Paracetamol), and litter disinfectant (Blue Vitriol), was the most effective against Aspergillosis in native chickens. The findings of this study hold promise for the development of native chicken breeds, offering insights that can be applied to achieve sustainable poultry production in Bangladesh.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Publishing an article with open access in Veterinary Integrative Sciences leaves the copyright with the author. The article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0), which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited.
References
Abd El Tawab, A.A., Maarouf, A.A., El-Hofy, F.I., Ahmed, K., 2015. Molecular characterization of some fungi isolated from broiler chicken farms. Benha Vet. Med. J. 29(2), 106-118.
Ahamad, D.B., Ranganathan, V., Punniyamurthy, N., Sivaseelan, S., Puvarajan, B., 2018. Pathology of systemic aspergillosis in a desi chicken. Shanlax Int. J. Vet. Sci. 5(4), 36-42.
Al-Shuhaib, M.B.S., Albakri, A.H., Alwan, S.H., Almandil, N.B., AbdulAzeez, S., Borgio, J. F., 2018. Optimal pcr primers for rapid and accurate detection of Aspergillus flavus isolates. Microb. Pathog. 116, 351-355.
Ameji, N.O., Oladele, O.O., Bamaiyi, P.H., Lombin, L.H., 2020. Clinicopathological features and management of aspergillosis in some poultry farms in Jos metropolis, Nigeria. Sokoto J. Vet. Sci. 18(4), 230-238.
Arafat, M.Y., Islam, M.M., Ahamed, S., Mahmud, M.M., Rahman, M.B., Nazir, K.N.H., 2022. Molecular detection of Aspergilli from commercial chicken in selected areas of Bangladesh. J. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res. 9(2), 184.
Arné, P., Thierry, S., Wang, D., Deville, M., Le Loc'h, G., Desoutter, A., Féménia, F., Nieguitsila, A., Huang, W., Chermette, R., Guillot, J., 2011. Aspergillus fumigatus in poultry. Int. J. Microb. 2011(special issue), 1–14.
Asha, M.N., Chowdhury, M.S.R., Hossain, H., Rahman, M.A., Emon, A.A., Tanni, F.Y., Islam, M.R., Hossain, M.M., Rahman, M.M., 2024. Antibacterial potential of lactic acid bacteria isolated from raw cow milk in Sylhet district, Bangladesh: a molecular approach. Vet. Med. Sci. 10(3), e1463.
Cafarchia, C., Camarda, A., Iatta, R., Danesi, P., Favuzzi, V., Di Paola, G., Pugliese, N., Caroli, A., Montagna, M.N., Otranto, D., 2014. Environmental contamination by Aspergillus spp. in laying hen farms and associated health risks for farm workers. J. Med. Microb. 63(3), 464-470.
Eassa, S.H., Mohammed, M.H., Omer, A.M., 2017. Case report: prevalence and significance of aspergellosis in commercial broiler chicken: Pathological study. Iraqi. J. Vet. Sci. 31(2), 113-116.
França, M., Cray, C., Shivaprasad, H.L., 2012. Serologic testing for aspergillosis in commercial broiler chickens and turkeys. Avian Dis. 56(1), 160-164.
Hassanain, N.A., Hassanain, M.A., Ahmed, W.M., Shaapan, R.M., Barakat, A.M., El-Fadaly, H.A., 2013. Public health importance of foodborne pathogens. World J. Med. Sci. 9(4), 208-222.
Hoque, M.F., Fazal, M.A., Chowdhury, E.M., Hossain, H., Imranuzzaman, M., Islam, M.N., Ahad, A., 2023. Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility profile of Staphylococcus aureus in clinical and subclinical mastitis milk samples. Bangl. J. Vet. Med. 21(1), 27-37.
Islam, M.R., Das, B.C., Hossain, K., Lucky, N.S., Mostafa, M.G., 2003. A study on the occurrence of poultry diseases in Sylhet region of Bangladesh. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 2(5), 354-356.
Jenks, J.D., Hoenigl, M., 2018. Treatment of aspergillosis. J. Fungi. 4(3), 98.
Jennings, T.S., Hardin, T.C., 1993. Treatment of aspergillosis with itraconazole. Ann. Pharmacother. 27(10), 1206-1211.
Krautwald-Junghanns, M.E., Vorbrüggen, S., Böhme, J., 2015. Aspergillosis in birds: an overview of treatment options and regimens. J. Exot. Pet Med. 24(3), 296-307.
Mahen, M.S.K., Chowdhury, M.S.R., Hossain, H., Hossain, M.M., Islam, M.R., Rahman, M. M., 2024. Investigating the infection dynamics and molecular detection of Cryptosporidium in Buffaloes in Sylhet, Bangladesh. Vet. Parasitol. Reg. Stud. Reports. 52, 101043.
Naser, J.A., Hossain, H., Chowdhury, M.S.R., Liza, N.A., Lasker, R.M., Rahman, A., Haque, M.A., Hossain, M.M., Rahman, M.M. 2024. Exploring of spectrum beta lactamase producing multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovars in goat meat markets of Bangladesh. Vet. Anim. Sci. 2(25), 100367.
Nururrozi, A., Yanuartono, Y., Widyarini, S., Ramandani, D., Indarjulianto, S., 2020. Clinical and pathological features of aspergillosis due to Aspergillus fumigatus in broilers. Vet. World. 13(12), 2787.
Rahman, M.M., Hossain, H., Chowdhury, M.S.R., Hossain, M.M., Saleh, A., Binsuwaidan, R., Noreddin, A., Helmy, Y.A., El Zowalaty, M.E., 2024. Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum β-Lactamases-producing salmonella enterica serovars enteritidis and typhimurium isolated from raw meat in retail markets. Antibiot. 13(7), 586.
Sajid, M.A., Khan, I.A., Rauf, U., 2006. Aspergillus fumigatus in commercial poultry flocks, a serious threat to poultry industry in Pakistan. J. Anim. Plant. Sci. 16(3-4), 79-81.
Shaapan, R.M., Girh, Z.M., 2024. Overview of aspergillosis in poultry-a review. Egypt. J. Vet. Sci. 55(2), 407-419.
Sugita, C., Makimura, K., Uchida, K., Yamaguchi, H., Nagai, A., 2004. PCR identification system for the genus Aspergillus and three major pathogenic species: Aspergillus fumigatus Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger. Med. Mycol. 42(5), 433-437.
Sultana, S., Rashid, S.M.H., Islam, M.N., Ali, M.H., Islam, M.M., Azam, M.G., 2015. Pathological investigation of avian aspergillosis in commercial broiler chicken at Chittagong district. Int. J. Innov. Appl. Stud. 10(1), 366.
Talha, A.F.S.M., Hossain, M.M., Chowdhury, E.H., Bari, A.S.M., Islam, M.R., Das, P.M., 2002. Poultry diseases occurring in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Vet. 18(1), 20-23.
Tell, L.A., Burco, J.D., Woods, L., Clemons, K.V., 2019. Aspergillosis in birds and mammals: considerations for veterinary medicine, In: Gupta, A., Singh, N.P. (Eds.), Recent developments in fungal diseases of laboratory animals. Springer, Cham, pp. 49-72.
Uddin, M.B., Ahmed, S.S.U., Hassan, M.M., Khan, S.A., Mamun, M.A., 2010. Prevalence of poultry diseases at Narsingdi, Bangladesh. Int. J. Biol. Res. 1(6), 9-13.
Uddin, M.Z., Samad, M.A., Kabir, S.M.L., 2011. Mortality and disease status in Hy-Line and ISA-Brown strains of layer chickens reared in cage system in Bangladesh. Bangl. J. Vet. Med. 9(1), 1-16.
Vahsen, T., Zapata, L., Guabiraba, R., Melloul, E., Cordonnier, N., Botterel, F., Guillot. J., Arné. P., Risco-Castillo, V., 2021. Cellular and molecular insights on the regulation of innate immune responses to experimental aspergillosis in chicken and turkey poults. Med. Mycol. 59(5), 465-475.