Polymorphisms in INHA, IGF1, and MSTN genes show no significant association with morphometric traits in Madura cattle https://doi.org/10.12982/VIS.2026.087
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Abstract
This research aimed to investigate the association of Polymorphisms in Inhibin Alpha (INHA), Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1), and Myostatin (MSTN) genes as well as morphometric traits in local cattle. A total of 57 Madura bulls traditionally reared (under the supervision of the Department of Food Security and Agriculture of Pamekasan Regency) Pamekasan, Indonesia, were use. The morphometric traits analyzed were body length (BL), chest girth (CG), chest width (CW), wither height (WH), hip height (HH), and hip length (HL). Furthermore, DNA of the animals was extracted, amplified, and analyzed using Sanger sequencing to identify Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs). Statistical association analyses were also performed through linear mixed models based on Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) method. The six SNPs identified were 1) one SNPs in IGF1 located in the 5′ upstream region of the IGF1 gene (ARS-UCD2.0: chr5:g.66191099G>T), 2) four SNPs in INHA in Exon 1, including two missense mutations (INHA, chr2:g.107501905T>C and g.107502030G>A) and two synonymous mutations (g.107502020G>A and g.107502062C>G), and 3) one synonymous variant in MSTN (MSTN, chr2: g. 6279263G>A). The results showed that INHA SNP4 was established as a novel variant, without preceding reports. In addition, no significant associations were reported between SNPs and morphometric traits (p > 0.05). Although no significant associations were found with the studied morphometric traits, the genetic variability observed in MSTN, INHA, and IGF1 may hold potential relevance for other economically important characteristics. This baseline information could serve as a starting point for future studies aiming to evaluate their possible role in genetic improvement programs of Madura cattle.
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