Diagnostic strategies for Tilapia lake virus: Comprehensive review | Veterinary Integrative Sciences

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Published: May 26, 2026

Keywords:

TiLV Diagnostic techniques RT-PCR RT-qPCR RT-LAMP RT-RPA ISH IHC ELISA Cell culture

Saralee Srivorakul

Division of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand Center of Veterinary Medical Diagnostic and Animal Health Innovation, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand

Thunyamas Guntawang

Division of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand

Tidaratt Sittisak

Division of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand

Thanchanok Gordsueb

Division of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand

Rutch Khattiya

Division of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand

Nattawooti Sthitmatee

Division of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand

Kidsadagon Pringproa

Division of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand

Abstract

Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV) is a highly contagious viral infection with a significant impact on aquaculture. TiLV has been reported worldwide and still occurs in many countries. Typically, TiLV can be diagnosed using various techniques that have been studied and verified through a wide range of methods, including gross pathology, histopathology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IFA), in-situ hybridization (ISH), cell culture, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), reverse transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), nested RT-PCR, semi-nested RT-PCR, reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP), and indirect ELISA. Additional advance techniques that include reverse transcriptase recombinase polymerase amplification Cas12a (RT-RPA-Cas12a), RT-RPA lateral flow dipstick (RT-RPA-LFD), real-time RT-RPA (RT-qRPA), droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR), and colorimetric LAMP (cLAMP) have been reported. Herein, we have identified and demonstrated various techniques for diagnosing TiLV that can be used in aquaculture research and future studies

How to Cite

Srivorakul, S., Guntawang, T., Sittisak, T., Gordsueb, T., Khattiya, R., Sthitmatee, N., & Pringproa, K. (2026). Diagnostic strategies for Tilapia lake virus: Comprehensive review: https://doi.org/10.12982/VIS.2026.74. Veterinary Integrative Sciences, 24(3), 1–27. retrieved from https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/vis/article/view/279697

Issue

Vol. 24 No. 3 (2026): September-December

Section

Review Article

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