Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, and selected resistance genes of Salmonella spp. isolated from ducks in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam https://doi.org/10.12982/VIS.2027.006
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Abstract
This study assessed the occurrence of Salmonella spp. in ducks sampled at selected sites in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, and characterized antimicrobial susceptibility and selected antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the recovered isolates. Of 514 cloacal swabs collected at farms, smallholder households, and live-bird trading sites, 58 were positive (11.28%; 95% CI: 8.68–14.34), yielding 83 representative isolates. Positivity was numerically higher in semi-intensive and intensive systems than in scavenging systems, although the association was not statistically significant (P = 0.077). Resistance was most common to amoxicillin (84.34%) and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (59.04%), followed by sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (31.33%), cefotaxime (21.69%), and doxycycline (20.48%). Sixty-eight isolates (81.93%) were resistant to at least two agents, whereas 11 (13.25%) met the class-based definition of multidrug resistance. At least one of the five tested ARGs was detected in 55 isolates (66.27%). The most frequent gene was aac(3)-IV (46.99%), followed by sul1 (22.89%), dfrA1 (15.66%), tetA (13.25%), and blaTEM (7.23%). The mismatch between phenotypic resistance and detection of the selected genes indicates that the five-gene panel captured only part of the resistance background. Overall, antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella was present in the sampled duck production settings, supporting continued surveillance, improved biosecurity, and prudent antimicrobial use.
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