The Study of Cognitive Function in Opioid Dependence Treated with Methadone Maintenance Treatment at Princess Mother National Institute on Drug Abuse Treatment
Keywords:
Cognitive, Methadone maintenance treatment, Opioid dependence patientsAbstract
Background: Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is the most effective relapse prevention strategy, preventing relapse in opoid dependent patients. All types of drugs can cause brain damage and cognitive function, leading to cognitive impairment which affects treatment as well as quality of life. Objective: The study aimed to compare the cognitive function between opioid dependent patients with long-term methadone maintenance treatment then abstinent from opioid (MMTA) and still relapse patients (MMTR) at Harm Reduction Center of Princess Mother National Institute on Drug Abuse Treatment. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analytic study that had been implemented from the sample group of 40 MMTA and 42 MMTR. The data had been collected from January to June 2023 by using questionnaire to measure demographic information, the Beck depression inventory (BDI) to measure depression severity, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to measure cognitive function. The Data were analyzed by computer programs and presented with descriptive statistics :- number, percentage, mean and standard deviation. The inferential analysis was done by using chi-square and Fisher’s exact test and independence t-test. The Mann-Whitney U test was employed for the data that were abnormally distributed at the statistical significance level of .05. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the mean scores of the MoCA questionnaire between the two groups. Divided by age, MMTR between the ages of 20-29 years had lower mean MoCA scores than MMTA, and the age factor was shown to be significantly associated with cognitive impairment among MMTA at level .05. Conclusion: Our findings give a screening for cognitive dysfunction in opioid dependent patients receiving MMT is important especially in critical for MMTR patients under the age of 30, in order to develop the most effective treatment planning and favorable results.
References
Alexander K, Pogorzelska-Maziarz M, Gerolamo A, Hassen N, Kelly EL, Rising KL, et al. The impact of COVID-19 on healthcare delivery for people who use opioids: a scoping review. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 2021;16(1):1-10.
Degenhardt L, Peacock A, Colledge S, Leung J, Grebely J, Vickerman P, et al. Global prevalence of injecting drug use and sociodemographic characteristics and prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV in people who inject drugs: a multistage systematic review. Lancet Glob Health 2017;5(12):e1192-e207.
New Policy And Planning Bureau. Protective performance and solve drug problems during the fiscal year 1998-2000 (October 1997-September 2000). Bangkok : Office of the Nacrotics Control Board; 2020.
World Health Organization. Guidelines for the psychosocially assisted pharmacological treatment of opioid dependence. Geneva : World Health Organization; 2009.
Nosyk B, Li L, Evans E, Urada D, Huang D, Wood E, et al. Utilization and outcomes of detoxification and maintenance treatment for opioid dependence in publicly-funded facilities in California, USA: 1991-2012. Drug Alcohol Depend 2014;143:149-57.
Ball JC, Lange WR, Myers CP, Friedman SR, Behavior S. Reducing the risk of AIDS through methadone maintenance treatment. J Health Soc Behav 1988;29(3):214-26.
Marsch LA. The efficacy of methadone maintenance interventions in reducing illicit opiate use, HIV risk behavior and criminality: a meta-analysis. Addiction 1998;93(4):515-32.
Bell J, Hall W, Byth K. Changes in criminal activity after entering methadone maintenance. Br J Addict 1992;87(2): 251-8.
Gibson DR, Flynn NM, McCarthy JJ. Effectiveness of methadone treatment in reducing HIV risk behavior and HIV seroconversion among injecting drug users. AIDS 1999;13(14):1807-18.
Order of the Land Forces Center Overcome the National Drug Abuse No. 19/2556 regarding the Action Plan of the Land Force to Defeat Drugs in 2014 [internet]. Bangkok : Narcotics Control Management Center, Ministry of Public Health; 2014 [cited 2022 Jan 22]. Available from: http://www.yasothon. go.th/web/Yaso_fles/images/ Zoneya/Master07.pdf.
angGY, Wouldes TA, Russell BR. Methadone maintenance treatment and cognitive function: a systematic review. Curr Drug Abuse Rev 2013;6(3):220-30.
Patrakorn A, Sumranthiwawan W, Boonchaipanitwatthana S, Lapinee T, Ngamkhajornwiwat A, Ukranan W, et al. Standard treatment of methadone maintenance treatment in Thailand. Bangkok: Chulalongkorn Univesity Printring House; 2015.
Baldacchino A, Balfour DJ, Matthews K. Impulsivity and opioid drugs: differential effects of heroin, methadone and prescribed analgesic medication. Psychol Med 2015;45(6):1167-79.
Mintzer MZ, Copersino ML, Stitzer ML. Dependence A. Opioid abuse and cognitive performance. Drug Alcohol Depend 2005;78(2):225-30.
Mazhari S, Keshvari Z, Sabahi A, Mottaghian S. Assessment of cognitive functions in methadone maintenance patients. Addict Health 2015;7(3-4):109-16.
Brorson HH, Ajo Arnevik E, Rand-Hendriksen K, Duckert F. Drop-out from addiction treatment: a systematic review of risk factors. Clin Psychol Rev 2013;33(8):1010-24.
Motazedian S, Solat N, Banihashem SS, Kheradmand A, Mohammadi SD, Chalakinia N. Cognitive function in methadone maintenance patients compared with abstinent opioid users. J Addict Dis 2021;39(4):537-44.
Miller AK, Alston RL, Corsellis JA. Variation with age in the volumes of grey and white matter in the cerebral hemispheres of man: measurements with an image analyser. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 1980;6(2):119-32.
Darke S, McDonald S, Kaye S, Torok M. Comparative patterns of cognitive performance amongst opioid maintenance patients, abstinent opioid users and non-opioid users. Drug Alcohol Depend 2012;126(3):309-15.
Baldacchino A, Armanyous M, Balfour DJ, Humphris G, Matthews K. Neuropsychological functioning and chronic methadone use: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 73:23-38.
Gruber SA, Marisa MS, Yurgelun-Todd DA. Neuropsychological consequences of opiate use. Neuropsychol Rev 2007;17(3):299-315.
Donovan DM, Kivlahan DR, Kadden RM, Hill D. Cognitive impairment as a client treatment matching hypothesis. In: Longabaugh R, Wirtz PW, editors. Project MATCH hypotheses: results and causal chain analyses. Maryland: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; 2001, p. 62-81
Teichner G, Horner MD, Roitzsch JC, Herron J, Thevos A. Substance abuse treatment outcomes for cognitively impaired and intact outpatients. Addict Behav 2002;27(5):751-63.
Severtson SG, von Thomsen S, Hedden SL, Latimer W. The association between executive functioning and motivation to enter treatment among regular users of heroin and/or cocaine in Baltimore, MD. Addict Behav 2010;35(7):717-20.
Li W, Li Q, Wang Y, Zhu J, Ye J, Yan X, et al. Methadone-induced damage to white matter integrity in methadone maintenance patients: a longitudinal self-control DTI study. Sci Rep 2016;6:19662.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Public Health
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
บทความที่ได้รับการตีพิมพ์เป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของกรมการแพทย์ กระทรวงสาธารณสุข
ข้อความและข้อคิดเห็นต่างๆ เป็นของผู้เขียนบทความ ไม่ใช่ความเห็นของกองบรรณาธิการหรือของวารสารกรมการแพทย์
