The Effectiveness of Ascending and Descending Stairs Assistive Devices for Independent Wheelchairs from the Perspective of Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries

Abstract

Background: A prototype ascending and descending stairs assistive device for independent wheelchairs is created based on the problem of wheelchair users who can help themselves independently, but limitations are found when used in different environments. It is possible that users could be in danger from ascending and descending. However, users can push their wheelchairs to safely ascend and descend the stairs, leading to a better quality of life. Objective: To study the effectiveness of ascending and descending assistive devices for independent wheelchair users and develop a prototype assistive device to meet user needs and safety concerns. Method: This was a quasi-experimental study, in which 15 healthy spinal cord injured patients tested a prototype device for ascending and descending the stairs. Results were measured using the WST Version 5.2 Form Manual Wheelchairs, Comfort rating and Perceived Safety Scale, and QUEST (Version 2.0). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, with the statistical significance level set at .05. Results: When comparing wheelchair skills and perception of comfort and safety before and after using the prototype of ascending and descending stairs assistive devices for independent wheelchairs, it was found that skill in ascending stairs and perception of safety were significantly different (p-value < .001), but skills in descending stairs and perception of comfort were not different at the significance level α = 0.05, (p-value = .149 and p-value = .120, respectively). The sample group was very satisfied with the use of the equipment in terms of weight, safety, convenience, efficiency, and response to needs. Conclusion: This prototype assistive device can help the sample group safely ascend and descend the stairs independently, meeting the needs of the users.