Development of a Health Promotion Model for the Elderly at Ratchaphruek Clinic, Nopparat Rajathanee Hospital
Keywords:
Health promotion, Elderly, Multidisciplinary teamAbstract
Background: Thailand is transitioning into an aging society, making it essential to provide knowledge on physical health, mental well-being, and social rights to ensure older adults maintain good health and well-being. Objective: To develop and evaluate a health promotion model for older adults at the Ratchaphruek Clinic, Nopparat Rajathanee Hospital. Method: Phase 1: Development of a health promotion model for older adults based on analyzing of situation and problem of the elderly, followed by validation by experts. Phase 2: Evaluation of the developed model using a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design, assessing outcomes before the intervention, three months after the intervention, and six months after the intervention. The study included 80 elderly participants receiving services at the Ratchaphruek Clinic from November 2023 to August 2024. The health status and general information of the elderly were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Knowledge scores before and after implementing the model were compared using the paired t-test, while health status at baseline, three months, and six months was analyzed using one-way repeated measures ANOVA. Result: Phase 1: The developed model is a health promotion program for older adults based on learning theories and concepts. It consists of six key components: oral health care, nutrition, stress prevention, accident prevention, medication use, and social rights and welfare. The model demonstrated content validity, with an index of item-objective congruence (IOC) of 0.89, an appropriateness score of 3.98, and a feasibility score of 3.87, as evaluated by three experts. Phase 2: After implementing the model, the elderly participants showed significant improvements in knowledge and overall health status, with statistically significant results. Conclusion: Appropriate health promotion for the elderly enhances their knowledge and overall well-being. Therefore, this health promotion model should be adapted and applied in accordance with the respective organizations and the specific health issues faced by the elderly.
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