Factors Influencing Self-management among Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Keywords:
Self-management, gestational diabetes, self-efficacy, social supportAbstract
Abstract
This descriptive predictive study aimed to examine self-management and factors effecting self-management of women with gestational diabetes. A systematic random sampling was used to recruit a sample of 176 pregnant women with diabetes visiting antepartum care unit in a tertiary health care center. Data were carried out from April to June 2018. Research instruments included a demographic record form, the self-efficacy questionnaire, the social support questionnaire, and the self-management questionnaire. The reliabilities were .88, .96, and .78, respectively. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and Stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results revealed that the mean scores of self-efficacy, social support and self-management were at a high level. Self-efficacy was the best and significant predictor (β = .63), and following by social support (β = .27). These two predictors were significantly predicted self-management of women with gestational diabetes accounted for 66.7% of variance. These findings suggest that nurses and midwives, who are responsible for health of pregnant women, could utilize to develop activities or an intervention program to promote perception of self-efficacy and social support in women with gestational diabetes. Consequently, those women would have appropriate and effective self-management.
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