Factors Influencing Preventive Behaviors Against Coronary Heart Disease Among Karen at Risk in Tak Province
Keywords:
Karen, preventive behaviors, coronary heart disease, self-efficacy perception, social support perceptionAbstract
Coronary heart disease is a significant health problem in Thai people, including Karen, that requires appropriate preventive behaviors. This predictive correlational research aimed to describe preventive behaviors against coronary heart disease and to determine factors influencing those preventive behaviors. Multi-stage random sampling was used to recruit 207 participants of Karen at risk in Tak province. Data were collected from November to December 2020. Research instruments were interviews, including a demographic record form, the Preventive Behavior Knowledge, the Preventive Behaviors Perception, the Disease Preventive Resource Accessibility, the Social Support Perception, the Self-Efficacy Perception, and the Preventive Behaviors surveys. Descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression were used to analyze the data.
The overall results revealed that preventive behaviors against coronary heart disease among Karen at risk food consumption, exercise, stress management, and smoking were rated at medium levels. Alcohol consumption and medication adherence and follow-up were rated at high levels. Self-efficacy perception (β = 0.43) together with the social support perception (β = 0.16) were factors influencing preventive behaviors and explained 23.0% of the variance in preventive behaviors against coronary heart disease (R2 = .230, F = 30.40, p < .001). These findings suggest that nurses and other health personnel should develop programs to promote preventive behaviors against coronary heart disease in Karen at risk through increasing self-efficacy perception and encouraging family and other important persons to participate in preventive behavior support. These should improve the odds that the Karen at risk will develop appropriate preventive behaviors for improving their health andquality of life.
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