THE EFFECTS OF THROWING PROGRAM TO MOTOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT OF AUTISM CHILDREN
Main Article Content
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to study and compare the effect of training program upon motor skills of the children with autism between before and after training. The population used for this study included fourteen 6 – year - old students with autism at Special Education Center 4, Trang province. The research instrument is the pin throwing test. The content validity determined by the IOC (Index of item Objective Congruence) was rated at 0.86. The whole reliability of the test as shown by The Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was 0.77. Training period of 8 weeks consisted of 4 days per week (Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday respectively). Test of the motor skills of the autism children performed in the frist and the last week of training period. The statistics used for data analysis were mean, standard deviation, and t - test. The results of this study showed that the after training motor skills level of children with autism was statistically significantly (p < .05) higher than that before training.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The published article is a copyright of the Academic Journal of Thailand National Sports University. The passage appeared in each article in this academic journal is a perspective of each author which is not related to the journal. Each author is required to be responsible for all components of his/her own article. If there are any mistakes, each author must be responsible for those mistakes on his/her own.
References
Araya Boonthichak. (2009). The effect of Fitball training exercise upon flexibility, balancand muscular strength of Autistic children (Master’s thesis), Chulalongkon University.
Capio, C. M. et al. (2015). Fundamental movement skills training to promote physical activity in children with and without disability: A pilot study. Sport and Health Science, 4(3), 235 - 243.
Charoen Krabuanrat. (2014). Sports Coaching Science. Bangkok: Sittana copied.
Corbin, C. B., & McKenzie, T. L. (2008). Physical activity promotion: a responsibility for both k - 12 physical education and kinesiology. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 79(6), 47 - 56.
Daranee UthaiRattanakit. (2017). Open the world of knowledge of autistic children in Thai society. Retrieved from https://www.the101.world/daranee-interview
Department of Mental Health. (2003). Autism Spectrum Disorder Integrated car handbook Vol.2 (3rd ed.). Bangkok: The Teachers Council of Ladprao Printing House.
Holfelder, B., & Schott, N. (2014). Relationship of fundamental movement skills and physical activity in children and adolescents: A systematic review. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 15(4), 382 – 391.
Jirakorn Siriprasert. (2000). Physical Education Teaching Skills and Techniques. Bangkok: Publisher of Chulalongkorn University.
Office of the Basic Education Commission. (2004). The method of learning and teaching quality development for child - centered learning. Bangkok: Office of the Basic Education Commission.
Penkae Limsila. (2001). Autism Research. Samut Prakan: Ch. SaengNgam Printing.
Rattanaporn Thitikornkowit. (2015). Gross muscles development in balancing acts using movement activities for autistic children in Central Special Education Center. Bangkok: Faculty of Education Ramkhamhaeng University.
Rovinelli, R. J., & Hambleton, R. K. (1977). On the use of content specialists in the assessment of criterion - referenced test in item validity. Dutch Journal of Educational Research, 2, 49 - 60.
Ruek Suwannachay. (2015). Motor fitness activities for autistic children. Retrieved from http://home.kku.ac.th/autistic/th/image/stories
Singer, R. N. (1976). Physical Education Foundation. New York: Holt Reinhart and Winston.
Surat Cheerapong. (2010). The effects of Basic movement exercises upon Autistic children's balancing (Master’s thesis), Chulalongkorn University.
Willgoose, C. L. E. (1961). Evaluation in health education and physical education. New York: McGraw – Hill Book.