Factors Predicting Postpartum Depression Among Mothers with Preterm Birth
Keywords:
The infant’s hospital stay, Self-esteem, Resilience, Social support, Postpartum depression, Mothers with preterm birthAbstract
Background: Mothers with preterm birth have to face situations that affect their mental health and increase their risk of postpartum depression. However, data on factors predicting postpartum depression in this population remain limited.
Objective: This study aimed to examine postpartum depression and the factors predicting it among mothers with preterm births. These factors include the length of the infant’s hospital stay, self-esteem, resilience, and social support.
Materials and methods: This study employed a predictive correlational research design. The participants were mothers who had preterm births between 24 and 36+6 weeks of gestation and attended a 6-week postpartum check-up at Thammasat University Hospital, Pathum Thani Hospital, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Hospital, and Saraburi Hospital. A total of 103 participants were included. The research instruments included the Personal Information Questionnaire, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Mental Health Power Scale, the Social Support Assessment Scale, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data.
Results: A total of 45.63% of the participants experienced postpartum depression, with a mean score of 9.17 (SD = 5.40). Self-esteem and social support are statistically significant predictors of postpartum depression. Participants with higher levels of self-esteem had a significantly lower likelihood of experiencing postpartum depression (aOR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.03–0.50, p < .001). Similarly, higher levels of social support were significantly associated with lower odds of postpartum depression (aOR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.13–0.90, p < .001). These two factors explained 33.5% of the variance in postpartum depression among mothers with preterm birth (Nagelkerke R² = 0.335, p < .001). However, the length of the infant’s hospital stay and resilience were unable to predict postpartum depression in this group.
Conclusion: Nurse-midwives can use this information as a foundation for developing programs to promote self-esteem and social support to prevent and reduce postpartum depression among mothers with preterm birth.
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