Chemical Constituents and their Antifungal Activity from the Branch Extracts of Plumbago indica L.
Keywords:
Plumbago indica, Plumbaginaceae, Plumbagin, Antifungal Activity, Medicinal PlantAbstract
Background: Plumbago indica L. produces bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antibacterial, antiparasitic, antifertility, anti-oxidant, wound healing, anticancer and antiviral activities. The study aimed to isolate, separate and evaluate compounds’ antifungal activities from the branches of P. indica.
Methods: The crude dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts of branches of P. indica were individually separated and purified by various column chromatographic techniques. The structures were elucidated using spectroscopic techniques. The isolated compounds were evaluated for antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus and Talaromyces marneffei.
Results: Plumbagin (1), β-sitosterol (2), maritinone (3) and –7´ - biplumbagin (4) were isolated from dichloromethane extract, while cis-isoshinanolone (5) and trans-isoshinanolone (6) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the branches of P. indica. Compound 1 antifungal activity against A. flavus and T. marneffei with zones of inhibition of 40.0 and 70.0 mm (at 1.0 mg/disc). Compound 5 exhibited antifungal activity against A. flavus and T. marneffei with zones of inhibition of 7.0 and 12.0 mm, respectively (at concentrations of 1.0 and 0.25 mg/ disc), and compound 6 showed activity against A. flavus and T. marneffei with zones of inhibition of 7.0 and 10.0 mm, respectively (at concentrations of 1.0 and 0.25 mg/disc). Compounds 3, 4 and 6 were obtained from this plant for the first time.
Conclusions: Six constituents, plumbagin (1), β-sitosterol (2), maritinone (3), 7–7´-biplumbagin (4), cis-isoshinanolone (5) and trans-isoshinanolone (6), were isolated from the branches of P. indica. From these results, plumbagin can be considered the active chemical constituent responsible for the antifungal activity against A. flavus and T. marneffei. This study is the first to report the isolation of compounds 3, 4 and 6 from P. indica and the antifungal activity of compounds 1, 5 and 6 against A. flavus and T. marneffei.
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