Pharmacogenomics and the Treatment of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs)
Keywords:
Pharmacogenomics, EGFR-TKI, Drug response, Adverse Drug ReactionsAbstract
The mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on the surface of cells plays a crucial role in the growth, proliferation, and survival of various cancer cells. About half of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases, particularly among Asian patients, have this mutation. Studies have demonstrated that treatment with targeted drugs that specifically inhibit EGFR is more effective than traditional chemotherapy. Therefore, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have become the first-line treatment for NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations. However, genetic variability and different types of cancer cell mutations result in varying responses to EGFR-TKIs. Furthermore, genetic variations in normal body cells affect both pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, influencing drug levels in the target cells and clinical response. This article discusses the importance of pharmacogenomics in treating patients with EGFR mutations using EGFR-TKIs. It covers the study of the relationship between genetic variations and drug response, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, factors affecting drug response, and the occurrence of adverse drug reactions.
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