Development of a teaching model for the use of insulin injections in diabetes patients at Phu Wiang Hospital, Khon Kaen Province

Abstract

This action research aims to 1) investigate the problem condition of Insulin Injection of patients with diabetes 2) Develop the Insulin injection teaching model 3) Investigate the results of the model.     The study population includes 1) The 64 new patients receiving Insulin injections 2) The 8 patients who have insulin-related problems 3) The 10 relevant medical professionals from December 2022 to June 2023. The quantitative data were analyzed by Paired t-test. Content analysis was utilized to analyze qualitative data. The results were found that new patients rarely accept insulin injections, the instruction manual has insufficient information on the Insulin Injection technique, no follow-up system after teaching, incorrect insulin dose in the syringe, and improper storage of insulin. Developed into a new teaching model is the PITT DM model, which introduce the benefit of insulin and the adverse effect of                       non-adherence or incorrect technique, then teach insulin injection technique with pictures of steps to drawing up and injection insulin with a syringe, patient test use of insulin by themself. The results after     2 months were found that in 64 new patients, their mean insulin injection technique scores increased from 9.02±1.23 to 13.11±1.16 points (P< 0.001) full scores of 16 points. Mean fasting blood sugar (FBS) level decreased from 206.48±33.66 mg/dl to 136.02±21.66 mg/dl (P< 0.001) and mean HbA1C levels decreased from 10.40±1.04 mg% to 7.89±1.00 mg% (P< 0.001). However, there are still some patients who continue to overdose on insulin. After developing an innovation to lock the insulin dose, patients injected the correct dose of insulin. The development of the Insulin Injection teaching model can increase the correct technique for the use of insulin and better treatment efficiency.