Factors related to the health behaviors of elderly people with hypertension according to the 3E 2S principles at Bantaksin Yala Social Welfare Development Center for the Elderly, Yala Province

Abstract

This research is a cross-sectional survey study aimed to examine health behaviors and factors related to health behaviors among elderly individuals at the Bantaksin Yala Social Welfare Development Center for the Elderly, Yala Province. The sample group consisted of 32 elderly. The research instruments used in this study included the Barthel Activities of Daily Living (ADL) assessment screening tool and a health behavior assessment based on the 3A2S principles. Data analysis involved calculating frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, and the relationship with health behaviors using Chi-square statistics. The results showed that the screening for activities of daily living (ADL) revealed that socially active elderly individuals had total scores of 12 points or higher, accounting for 34.4%. Homebound elderly individuals had total scores ranging from 5-11 points, representing 62.5%, and bedridden elderly individuals had total scores ranging from 0-4 points, comprising 3.1%. The elderly demonstrated health behaviors according to the 3A2S principles at a moderate level (x̅ = 3.22, S.D.= 0.78). Elderly individuals showed moderate-level health behaviors in dietary control (x̅ = 2.78, S.D.= 0.65), exercise
(x̅ = 2.64, S.D.= 0.71), emotional and stress management (x̅ = 2.91, S.D.= 0.74), they exhibited high-level behaviors in smoking control (x̅ = 3.83, S.D.= 0.98) and alcohol control (x̅ = 3.95,
S.D.= 0.86). Regarding the relationship between health status and health behavior levels among elderly individuals, the findings indicated that body mass index factor showed no statistically significant relationship with health behavior levels (p = 0.592). Waist circumference factor showed no statistically significant relationship with health behavior levels (p = 0.356). However, annual health checkup factor showed a statistically significant relationship with health behavior levels
(p = 0.03). Therefore, there should be a systematic promotion of annual health check-ups.