Factors Associated with 28-day Readmission Among Patients with Schizophrenia: A 10-Year Retrospective Study in Nong Bua Lam Phu Hospital

Abstract

This retrospective case control study collected data from medical records of patients with schizophrenia in Nong Bua Lam Phu Hospital during January 5, 2015 to January 31, 2025. The study aims to explore factors associated with 28-day readmission of patients with schizophrenia. Total sample size of 178 cases were divided into two groups; the readmission group (89 cases) and the non-readmission group (89 controls). The majority of readmission group were male (63%), most of age was 18-40 years (45%), single (44%), unemployed (59%), living alone (68%), duration of illness was 1-10 years (65%), substance use (76%) and no physical underlying disease (59%). Factors associated with readmission were investigated using logistic regression analysis. The significant associated factors (p <0.05) were number of admissions more than 2 times (AOR 112.25; 95% CI: 11.76, 1071.71), non-adherence to appointment (AOR 12.82; 95% CI: 1.96, 84.00), substance use (AOR 10.15; 95% CI: 1.61, 64.10), poor drug compliance (AOR 6.59; 95% CI: 1.33, 32.73), discharge planning (AOR 0.15; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.76), long-acting injections (AOR 0.06; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.31) and length of stay more than 14 days (AOR 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.23). Prevention of readmission should focus on controlling risk factors alongside promoting protective factors, particularly by improving discharge planning, increasing the coverage of long-acting injections and ensuring an appropriate length of stay.