Factors Predicting Pain in Trauma Patients before Hospital Discharge
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Abstract
Purpose: This research aimed to investigate the predictive power of pain on arrival at emergency department, severity of injury, substance use, and comorbidity on pain in trauma patients before hospital discharge.
Design: Correlational predictive design.
Methods: The sample consisted of 85 patients who were treated at emergency department and admitted to surgery departments at secondary and tertiary hospitals in Saraburi and Lopburi province. The research intruments used for data collection were demographic data, injury and treatment form, injury severity score, substance use questionaire, comorbidity questionaire, and brief pain inventory. Data analysis was performed by using stepwise regression method.
Main findings: The result revealed that the participants had moderate score on pain intensity before hospital discharge ( = 4.53, SD = 1.30), pain interference (
= 5.42, SD = 1.52), pain on arrival at emergency department (
= 6.82, SD = 1.99), and severity of injury (
= 12.46, SD = 4.84). Substance use and comorbidity were found in 55.30% and 18.80% of the participants, respectively. Severity of injury and substance use could significantly predict pain intensity in trauma patients before hospital discharge (
= .373, p < .001, and
= .304, p < .001, respectively), whereas, pain on arrival at emergency department and comorbidity could not.
Conclusion and recommendations: This finding indicated that severity of injury and substance use could predict pain before hospital discharge. Therefore, nurses should be aware of acute pain and provide proper pain manangement in major trauma patients who have either severe injury or substance use.
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