Factors Predicting Self-management Behavior in Patients with Type II Diabetes
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Abstract
Purpose: The research aimed to investigate factors predicting self-management in Patients with Type II Diabetes. The study factors included self-efficacy, health perception, patient-provider communication and stage of change for behaviors.
Design: Correlational predictive design.
Methods: The study sample consisted of 144 patients with type II diabetes without any other complications at NCD clinic and outpatient departments from two community hospitals. A convenience sampling was used for the recruitment. Data were collected using a set of questionnaires including demographic information, health perception, self-efficacy, patient-provider communication, stage of change for behaviors, and self-management questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis.
Main findings: The findings showed that an average age of patients with type II diabetes was 62.49 years (SD = 10.91) and their average years of disease duration was 9.03 years. The scores of self-management behavior ( = 85.67, SD = 10.71), health perception (
= 67.41, SD = 5.23), self-efficacy (
= 201.79, SD = 30.45), patient-provider communication (
= 85.71, SD = 6.63) and stage of change for behaviors (
= 25.71, SD = 3.40) were at high level. The stage of change for behaviors is the only predictor of self-management behaviors in patients with type II diabetes (β = .69, t = 10.69, p < .01); while 53% of the variation in self-management behaviors could be explained by the set of study variables (adjusted R2 = .53)
Conclusion and recommendations: The level stage of change for behavior influences self-management behaviors of patients with type II diabetes. Therefore, nurses and health personnel should assess the readiness for behavior change. Then assistance that is tailored to their readiness for behavior change should be provided so that they would be able to establish and maintain self-management behavior appropriately and continuously.
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