Factors Predicting Medication Adherence in Patients with Essential Hypertension in Malé, Maldives
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Abstract
Purpose: To examine the influence of complexity of regimen, health literacy, patient-doctor relationship, family support and duration of antihypertensive drug use on antihypertensive medication adherence in patients with essential hypertension in Malé, Maldives.
Design: Correlational predictive study.
Methods: The study includes 172 convenience samples with essential hypertension in Malé, Maldives. Demographic data questionnaire, the Hill-Bone Medication Adherence Subscale, Medication Regimen Complexity Index, the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire - short version, The Patient-Doctor Relationship Questionnaire, and Modified Family Support and Conflict scale for patients with essential hypertension were used as research instruments. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis.
Main findings: Among the 172 participants, 61% were female, mean age was 55.21 (SD = 10.66) and 54.7% of the participants were adherent to antihypertensive medication. Complexity of regimen, health literacy, patient-doctor relationship, family support and duration of antihypertensive drug use accounted for 36.1% of the variance explained in adherence to antihypertensive medication (Nagelkerke R2 = .36). It was also found that complexity of regimen, sufficient and excellent level of health literacy, and high level of patient-doctor relationship were significant predictors of medication adherence (OR = .91, 95%CI [ .85, .97], p = .01; OR = 4.83, 95%CI [1.59, 14.62], p = .01; OR = 3.43, 95%CI [1.02, 11.56], p = .05; and OR = 10.52, 95%CI [3.05, 36.19], p = .01, respectively).
Conclusion and recommendations: This study provides an understanding of antihypertensive medication adherence in patients with essential hypertension in Malé, Maldives, and the factors affecting adherence. However, further research is needed to explore more on factors affecting medication adherence in these patients and how health care providers can address these factors to improve antihypertensive medication adherence.
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