The Effects of a Prevention Program for Central Line-associated Bloodstream Infection on Nurses’ Knowledge and Practice, and Infection Rate in Pediatric Intensive Care Units
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Abstract
Purpose: To examine the effects of a prevention program for central line-associated bloodstream infection on knowledge and practice of pediatric nurses, and rate of infection in pediatric patients with critical conditions.
Design: The quasi–experimental research.
Methods: The study sample included professional nurses in Pediatric Intensive Care Units at Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health. The sample was recruited by simple random sampling. The experimental group (16 nurses) received a prevention program for central line-associated bloodstream infection which was based on the learning theory of Gagné, Briggs and Wager. The control group (17 nurses) received routine care. Data were collected using the Demographic Data Form, the Knowledge Questionnaire of Infection Prevention, the Practice Observation Form of Infection Prevention, and the Patient Data Form. Data were analyzed using Independent t-test, ANCOVA and Fisher’s exact test.
Main findings: The experimental group had higher changed knowledge score than the nurses in the control group (t = -3.71, p < .05). However, practice scores in both groups did not differ (F = 3.91, p > .05). In addition, infection rates in the intensive care unit receiving prevention program and that receiving routine care were not different (p > .05).
Conclusion and recommendations: The study findings demonstrate that the central line-associated bloodstream infection prevention program can enhance knowledge of professional nurses. However, the program does not inprove proper practice of nurses and does not reduce infection rate. Therefore, an ongoing infection prevention program should be modified so that nurses could provide better practice in order to prevent infection for these pediatric patients with critical conditions.
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