Effect of a Program for Reducing Pre-Operative Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Replacement Surgery Based upon Peplau’s Interpersonal Relations Theory
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Abstract
Purpose: To study the effect of the program based upon Peplau’s Interpersonal Relations Theory framework in reducing pre-operative anxiety among patients waiting to undergo total knee replacement surgery.
Design: Quasi-experimental research, one group pretest-posttest design.
Methods: The sample consisted of 27 patients with osteoarthritis awaiting knee replacement surgery. They were given a program to reduce anxiety before surgery based upon Peplau's theoretical framework, consisting of 3 phases: orientation phase, working phase, and termination phase. The researcher played a role as a counsellor, an educator, resource person, and therapist. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) form Y-1 was used to assess anxiety before and after receiving the program.
Main findings: The findings showed that a mean score of anxiety prior to receiving the program was 64.3 points (SD = 3.23) and a mean score of anxiety immediately after attending the program was 27.7 points (SD = 2.81). The analysis revealed the statistically significant decrease of anxiety (Z = -4.55, p < .001).
Conclusion and recommendations: Preoperative anxiety reduction program can reduce anxiety in patients waiting for knee replacement surgery. Therefore, all preoperative patients should have their anxiety assessed and participate in an anxiety reduction program. Further studies should be conducted with a larger sample from hospitals of various levels and various regions so that the study result could well generalize to the population. In addition, a comparison between experimental and control groups should be designed for a further study to confirm the program's effectiveness.
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