Factors Influencing Transition to Motherhood in the Cesarean Section Mothers
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose: to determine the influences of age, parity, planned cesarean section, postpartum depression, and social support on the transition to motherhood in the cesarean section mothers.
Design: Predictive correlational design.
Methods: Subjects were 117 mothers who had a cesarean section and followed up in a family planning clinic at a tertiary hospital in Bangkok. The research instruments used to collect data included a personal data questionnaire, the Mother Social Support Questionnaire, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and the Maternal Identity Exploration Scales. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s product-moment correlation, Spearman rank correlation, point biserial correlation, and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data.
Main findings: The study findings revealed that age, parity, planned cesarean section, postpartum depression, and social support could together predict 38% of the transition to motherhood in the cesarean section mothers (R2 = .38). Parity and social support could statistically significantly predict the transition to motherhood in the cesarean section mothers (β = .21, p = .009 and β = .56, p < .001 respectively).
Conclusion and recommendations: Midwives should encourage husband and family member to facilitate a smooth transition into motherhood in cesarean section mothers, especially the first-time mothers.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright Notice: Nursing Science Journal of Thailand has exclusive rights to publish and distribute the manuscript and all contents therein. Without the journal’s permission, the dissemination of the manuscript in another journal or online, and the reproduction of the manuscript for non-educational purpose are prohibited.
Disclaimer: The opinion expressed and figures provided in this journal, NSJT, are the sole responsibility of the authors. The editorial board bears no responsibility in this regard.
References
Meleis AI. Transitions theory. In: Smith MC, Parker ME, editors. Nursing theories & nursing practice. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis; 2015. p.361-80.
Keenan L, Noble E. Caesarean section rates continue to rise, amid growing inequalities in access [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2021 [cited 2021 Jun 16]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news/item/16-06-2021-caesarean-section-rates-continue-to-rise-amid-growing-inequalities-in-access.
Bureau of Health Promotion, Ministry of Public Health. Analysis of the situation of maternal mortality in Thailand in the first 6 months of fiscal year 2021 [Internet]. Bangkok: Ministry of Public Health; 2021 [cited 2021 May 7]. Available from: https://hp.anamai.moph.go.th/web-upload/4xceb3b571ddb70741ad132d75876bc41d/tinymce/OPDC/OPDC2564-S/IDC1_6/opdc_2564_IDC1-6_02.pdf. (in Thai).
Tharana N. Promoting and supporting breastfeeding in postpartum mothers with cesarean section. Nursing Journal. 2021;48(4):324-35. (in Thai).
Lupu VV, Miron IC, Raileanu AA, Starcea IM, Lupu A, Tarca E, et al. Difficulties in adaptation of the mother and newborn via cesarean section versus natural birth - A narrative review. Life (Basel). 2023;13(2):300. doi: 10.3390/life13020300.
Lopez-Gonzalez DM, Kopparapu AK. Postpartum care of the new mother. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024.
Gbogbo S. Early motherhood: voices from female adolescents in the Hohoe Municipality, Ghana-a qualitative study utilizing Schlossberg’s Transition Theory. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being. 2020;15(1):1716620. doi: 10.1080/17482631.2020.1716620.
Shrooti S, Mangala S, Nirmala P, Devkumari S, Dharanidhar B. Perceived maternal role competence among the mothers attending immunization Clinics of Dharan, Nepal. Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery. 2016;4(2):100-6.
Dol J, Richardson B, Grant A, Aston M, McMillan D, Murphy GT, et al. Influence of parity and infant age on maternal self-efficacy, social support, postpartum anxiety, and postpartum depression in the first six months in the Maritime Provinces, Canada. Birth. 2021;48(3):438-47. doi: 10.1111/birt.12553.
National Health Service [NHS]. Caesarean section (C-section) [Internet]. Scotland: NHS inform; 2023 [cited 2022 May 9]. Available from: https://www.nhsinform.scot/ready-steady-baby/labour-and-birth/assisted-birth/caesarean-section-c-section/
Egwuba C. Women’s experiences of unplanned and emergency caesarean section within New Zealand’s maternity system [dissertation]. Christchurch: University of Canterbury; 2020. 452 p.
Aydemir S, Onan N. The relationship between maternal self-confidence and postpartum depression in primipara mothers: a follow-up study. Community Ment Health J. 2020;56(8):1449-56. doi: 10.1007/s10597-020-00588-6.
Arante FO, Tabb KM, Wang Y, Faisal-Cury A. The relationship between postpartum depression and lower maternal confidence in mothers with a history of depression during pregnancy. Psychiatr Q. 2020;91(1):21-30. doi: 10.1007/s11126-019-09673-w.
McLeish J, Redshaw M. 'She come like a sister to me': a qualitative study of volunteer social support for disadvantaged women in the transition to motherhood in England. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2021;376(1827):20200023. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0023.
Naphapunsakul M, Prateepchaikul L, Taboonpong S, Punthmatharith B. Factors influencing maternal role performance in transition to being the first-time mother. J Health Sci Med Res. 2007;25(1):1-8.
Sitthiboonma N, Kantaruksa K, Supavititpatana B. Stress, social support and postpartum depression among first-time mothers. Nursing Journal. 2020;47(2):169-79. (in Thai).
Vacharaporn K, Pitanupong J, Samangsri N. Development of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale Thai version. Journal of Mental Health of Thailand. 2003;11(3):164-9. (in Thai).
Gross-Spector M, Cinamon RG. Assessing adults' career exploration: development and validation of the vocational and maternal identity exploration scales. J Career Dev. 2018;45(1):19-33. doi: 10.1177/0894845316667846.
Mori E, Tsuchiya M, Maehara K, Iwata H, Sakajo A, Tamakoshi K. Fatigue, depression, maternal confidence, and maternal satisfaction during the first month postpartum: a comparison of Japanese mothers by age and parity. Int J Nurs Pract. 2017;23(1). doi: 10.1111/ijn.12508.
Zanardo V, Soldera G, Volpe F, Giliberti L, Parotto M, Giustardi A, et al. Influence of elective and emergency cesarean delivery on mother emotions and bonding. Early Hum Dev. 2016;99:17-20. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2016.05.006.
