Factors Predicting Early Complications within 48 Hours in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
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Abstract
Purpose: To determine the factors predicting early complications within 48 hours in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Design: Predictive correlational design.
Methods: The sample comprised 153 patients diagnosed of acute coronary syndrome admitted at Siriraj Hospital. Data were collected using personal and clinical data questionnaire, Richards Campbell Sleep Questionnaire, and early complications within 48 hours record. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis.
Main findings: The results revealed that 55.6% of patients with acute coronary syndrome had early complications within 48 hours, including acute heart failure (50.3%), acute kidney injury (15.7%), cardiogenic shock (12.4%), and malignant ventricular arrhythmia (8.5%). The patients with low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level were 2.30 times more likely to have early complications within 48 hours than those with high HDL level (OR = 2.30; 95%CI [1.08, 4.91], p < .05). The patients with blood sugar levels more than 140 mg% were 2.23 times more likely to develop complications within 48 hours than those with blood sugar level less than 140 mg% (OR = 2.23; 95%CI [1.06, 4.70], p < .05). In addition, one point increased in sleep quality score would decrease 3% chance of early complications within 48 hours (OR = .97; 95%CI [0.950, 0.995], p < .05). BMI and triglyceride level could not predict early complications within 48 hours.
Conclusion and recommendations: HDL level, hyperglycemia and sleep quality significantly predict early complications within 48 hours in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Nurses and health care teams should closely monitor patients who have low HDL level and hyperglycemia on admission to early manage the complications within 48 hours. They also should enhance sleep quality in order to reduce early complications occurrence.
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