Factors Predicting Preventive Behaviors among Household Contacts of Patients with Tuberculosis
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Abstract
Purpose: To study the predictability of gender, caregiver burdens, perceived stigma, and motivation on preventive behaviors among household contacts of patients with tuberculosis.
Design: Predictive correlational research.
Methods: The participants consisted of 132 caregivers aged 18 years and older who were household contacts and primary caregivers of patients with tuberculosis and provided close care for more than 120 hours per month. Data were collected at the outpatient tuberculosis clinic of one secondary hospital using a demographic questionnaire, the Caregiver Burdens Assessment Form, the Emic Stigma Score, the Tuberculosis Prevention Motivation Questionnaire, and the Tuberculosis Prevention Behavior for Household Contacts. Multiple linear regression was used for the data analysis.
Main findings: The results revealed that preventive behaviors of tuberculosis were at a high level ( = 83.80, SD = 5.02). Females had better behaviors than males. Overall, caregiver burden was at low level (
= 17.53 SD = 7.91); perceived stigma was indicated as high level (
= 18.35, SD = 3.38) and motivation for preventing tuberculosis was at high level (
= 17.16, SD = 1.66). All study factors together explained 25% of the variance in the preventive tuberculosis behaviors (R2 = .25); and each factor was significant predictor. Motivation for preventing tuberculosis had the highest predictability on the preventive behavior of tuberculosis (β = .39, p = .001).
Conclusion and recommendations: The study results could be applied as baseline information for healthcare providers to develop practice guidelines and programs for promoting preventive behaviors among household contacts of patients with tuberculosis.
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