Effect of Self-Management Program on Self-Efficacy, Self-Management Behaviors, Fasting Plasma Glucose, and Hemoglobin A1C among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
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Abstract
This quasi-experimental research aimed to compare self-efficacy, self-management behavior, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (T2DM) in the experimental group and the control group. T2DM patients were divided into 2 groups, consisted of 43 patients per group. The control group received self-management program for 12 weeks while the control group received the usual care. The instrument included: 1) self-management program, 2) self-efficacy questionnaire, 3) self-management questionnaire, and 4) record form of blood glucose level and HbA1c. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANCOVA, and paired t-test. The result revealed that after the experiment, comparing within group demonstrated that the experimental group had the mean score of self-efficacy (t = -6.543, p < .05) and FPG were significantly improve than prior experiment (t = 3.555, p < .001) whereas HbA1c was not significant difference between prior and after experiment. While comparison between group, it was found that the mean score of self-efficacy of the experimental group and the control group were not significance difference (t = -0.183, p = .855). Whereas self-management behavior (t = -2.498, p = .05), FPG (t = 5.010, p < .001), and HbA1c (t = 4.549, p < .001) were significantly improve when compare to the control group. This study results should be used with cautions due to its flaw limitation of the non-controlled confounding factors.
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References
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