Nurse-Midwife Students’ Stress Resilience During Online Learning Amidst COVID-19 in Thailand: A Mixed Methods Study
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objectives: To explore and understand the ability to recover from stress prompted by online learning amidst COVID-19 among the nurse-midwife students. Methods: This study was conducted using an explanatory sequential design. Two hundred nurse-midwife students participated in the quantitative part of the study using a stress resilience questionnaire adapted from Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). In the qualitative part, four focus groups were conducted until data saturation of a total of 20 students using semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions. Results: Nurse-midwife students suffered from stress caused by abrupt change amidst the COVID-19 crisis. Most of the 200 participants had moderate levels of stress resilience. In the focus groups the following key themes were identified: 1) recognising the effects of COVID-19 on learning and life, 2) perceiving change as a learning opportunity and a challenge that improves self-discipline, and 3) recovering with family, teacher, and peer support. Conclusions: Adaptability and resilience helped nurse-midwife students recover from stressful events caused by change in learning modes amidst COVID-19. Having stress resilience in the face of stressful experience will facilitate their transition to the nursing and midwifery profession and might improve their job retention in the future.
Article Details
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-nd/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
National Statistical Office. Project to explore the impact of the Covid-19 epidemic situation [internet]. Bangkok: National Statistical Office. 2020 [cited 2020 Aug 20]. Avalaible from: http://ittdashboard.nso.go.th/covid19survey.php
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization [UNESCO] [internet]. Education: from disruption to recovery. London: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. 2021 [cited 2021 Jul 20]. Avalaible from: https://en.unesco.org/covid19/educationresponse
Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation. The announcement of Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (No. 3) [internet]. Bangkok: Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation. 2020 [cited 2021 Jul 20]. Avalaible from:
Kumkong M, Amornpiyaphakorn A, Chamnanpok R, et al. Provision of nursing practicum using online system in situation od covid-19. JNSU. 2021; 22(43): 114-26. Thai.
Yıldız E. Posttraumatic growth and positive determinants in nursing students after COVID-19 alarm status: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Perspect in Psychiatric Care. 2021; 57(4): 1876-87. doi: 10.1111/ppc.12761.
United Nations Children’s Fund [UNICEF]. Impact of covid-19 towards children and youth in Thailand [internet]. Bangkok: United Nations Children’s Fund. 2020 [cited 2021 Jul 20]. Avalaible from: https://www.unicef.org/thailand/media/6231/file/UNICEF%20Annual%20Report%202020%20EN.pdf
Wongsaree C, Sirilukkananan K. Instructional design and achievement test construction in 21st century in theoretical subjects in the field of nursing education J Health & Health Manag. 2019; 5(2): 1-22. Thai.
Rasmussen B, Hutchinson A, Lowe G, et al. The impact of covid-19 on psychosocial well-being and learning for australian nursing and midwifery undergraduate students: A cross-sectional survey. Nurse Educ Pract. 2022; 58: 103275. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2021.103275.
Austin Z, Gregory P. Resilience in the time of pandemic: The experience of community pharmacists during COVID-19. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2021; 17(1): 1867-75. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.05.027.
Aburn G, Gott M, Hoare K. What is resilience? An integrative review of the empirical literature. J Adv Nurs. 2016; 72(5): 980-1000. doi: 10.1111/jan.12888.
Chow KM, Tang WKF, Chan WHC, et al. Resilience and well-being of university nursing students in Hong Kong: A cross-sectional study. BMC Med Educ. 2018; 18(1): 13. doi: 10.1186/s12909-018-1119-0.
Reyes AT, Andrusyszyn MA, Iwasiw C, et al. Resilience in nursing education: An integrative review. J Nurs Educ. 2015; 54(8): 438-44. doi: 10.3928/01484834-20150717-03.
Guillasper JN, Oducado RMF, Soriano GP. Protective role of resilience on COVID-19 impact on the quality of life of nursing students in the Philippines. BNJ. 2021; 7(1): 43-9. doi: 10.33546/bnj.1297.
McCarthy B, Trace A, O’Donovan M, et al. Nursing and midwifery students’ stress and coping during their undergraduate education programmes: An integrative review. Nurse Educ Today. 2018; 61: 197-209. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2017.11.029.
Stephens TM. Nursing student resilience: A concept clarification. Nursing Forum. 2013; 48(2): 125-33.
Alameddine M, Bou-Karroum K, Ghalayini W, et al. Resilience of nurses at the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic in Lebanon. Int J Nurs Sci. 2021; 8(4): 432-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2021.08.002.
Reyes AT, Andrusyszyn MA, Iwasiw C, et al. Nursing students' understanding and enactment of resilience: A grounded theory study. J Adv Nurs. 2015; 71(11): 2622-33. doi: 10.1111/jan.12730.
Saengkhiew P, Khiaolueang D, Srijaiwong S, et al. Resilience and adaptation of nursing students in the covid-19 pandemic. BCNUT J Nurs. 2022; 14(1): 62-77. Thai.
Nartova-Bochaver S, Korneev A, Bochaver K. Validation of the 10-item connor-davidson resilience scale: The case of russian youth. Front. Psychiatry. 2021; 12: 611026. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.611026.
Holloway I, Galvin K. Qualitative research in nursing and healthcare. 4 th ed. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons; 2017.
Braun V, Clarke V, Terry G. Thematic analysis. Qual Res Clin Health Psychol. 2014: 95-114.
Thomas LJ, Asselin M. Promoting resilience among nursing students in clinical education. Nurse Educ Pract. 2018; 28: 231-4. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2017.10.001.
Delgado C, Upton D, Ranse K, et al. Nurses’ resilience and the emotional labour of nursing work: An integrative review of empirical literature. IJNS. 2017; 70: 71-88. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.02.008.
Trindade IA, Mendes AL, Ferreira NB. The moderating effect of psychological flexibility on the link between learned helplessness and depression symptomatology: A preliminary study. J Context Behav Sci. 2020; 15: 68-72. doi: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.12.001.
Ahmed WA, Mohammed BM. Nursing students’ stress and coping strategies during clinical training in KSA. J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2019; 14(2): 116-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2019.02.002.
Rood L, Tanzillo T, Madsen N. Student nurses’ educational experiences during COVID-19: A qualitative study. Nurse Educ Today. 2022; 119: 105562. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105562.
Barzilay R, Moore TM, Greenberg DM, et al. Resilience, COVID-19-related stress, anxiety and depression during the pandemic in a large population enriched for healthcare providers. Transl Psychiatry. 2020; 10(1): 291. doi: 10.1038/s41398-020-00982-4.
Zhang F, Shang Z, Ma H, et al. High risk of infection caused posttraumatic stress symptoms in individuals with poor sleep quality: A study on influence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in China. MedRxiv. 2020; doi: 10.1101/2020.03.22.20034504.
Chmitorz A, Kunzler A, Helmreich I, et al. Intervention studies to foster resilience-A systematic review and proposal for a resilience framework in future intervention studies. Clin Psychol Rev. 2018; 59: 78-100. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2017.11.002.
Sweeney AB. Transitional challenges in a two-plus-two nursing program: Phenomenology of student experiences. Nurse Educ Pract. 2021; 54: 103139. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2021.103139.
Caton MT. The impact of spirituality, social support, and self-esteem on the resilience of Haitian nurses: Implications for nursing education. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2021; 35(2): 206-12. doi: 10.1016/j.apnu.2020.08.006.