The Effect of Self-Care Enhancing Program on Self-Care Behaviors of Persons with Major Depressive Disorders
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Abstract
Object: To examine the effect of self-care enhancing program on self-care behaviors of patients with major depressive disorder. Methods: This quasi-experimental research was applied in persons with depressive disorder. Participants comprised 60 persons aged 18-59 years diagnosed with major depressive disorder. The participants were assigned into paired matching based on age, gender, and depressive symptoms score, and allocated to an experimental and a control group, 30 participants in each group. The experimental group received routine care plus the self-care enhancing program, and the control group received routine care only. Research instruments consisted of: 1) the self-care enhancing program based on a conceptual framework of Orem and a literature review related to self-care behaviors of patients with major depressive disorders, 2) a demographic data questionnaire, and 3) a self-care behaviors questionnaire. Instruments part 1 and 3 were validated by three experts. Reliability of instrument part 3 with Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient, yields a value of. 89. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and t-test. Results: The results showed that the mean score of self-care behaviors of experimental group after participating in the program was significantly higher than the mean score before participating in the program (t = 38.53, p < .001). Moreover, the mean score of self-care behaviors of the control group after participating in the routine care was significantly higher than the mean score before participating in the routine care (t = 4.05, p < .001). In addition, the mean score of self-care behaviors of the experimental group after participating in the program was significantly higher than that the mean score of the routine care (t = 38.04, p < .001). Conclusion: The results of the self-care enhancing program could increase self-care behaviors among patients with major depressive disorder. Therefore, nurses should implement the program among patients with major depressive disorder in hospitals.
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