Factors Affecting the Nutritional Status in Postoperative Colorectal Cancer Patiens in Hospital

Abstract

          The present study is a predictive correlation study on the influential factors between
disease stages, preoperative body mass index, preoperative albumin serum value, postoperative initial feeding period, and postoperative average amount of energy intake per day and the nutritional status of postoperative patients while recovering in hospital. The pathophysiology concept was used in the research. The sample group comprised of patients with colorectal cancer who underwent surgery at Songklanagarind Hospital. In all, 92 individuals were purposively sampled as the sample group. The instruments used were made up of data record forms and questionnaires categorized as follows: 1) personal data record form; 2) disease and treatment record form; 3) Nutritional status record form and 4) Patient nutritional status evaluation form by using postoperative changes in body weight. The data was analyzed by using descriptive and multiple regression statistics.
          According to the research findings, 51.1% of patients were males with a mean age of 61.96 years (SD = 13.34). The majority of the patients were at stage 3 cancer (37.0%). On the admission date, the patients mean weight was 55.94 kilograms (SD = 11.64)
with a preoperative average body mass index of 22.37 kilograms/meter2 (SD = 14.18). At discharge, patients had a mean decreasing trend of body weight and body mass index
at 53.23 kilograms/meter2 (SD = 4.17), and 21.29 kilograms/meter2 (SD = 4.17) respectively. Moreover, the body weight changes after surgery found that patients with postoperative weight change decreased by an average of 2.70 kg. (SD = 2.13), representing 4.82 percent of their body weight before surgery. For the postoperative value of the albumin serum, the mean value was 3.82 g/dl (SD = 0.62) which was within a normal range. Patients received a mean amount of energy per day at 536.83 calories (SD = 196.95). The mean hospital stay was 9.12 days (SD = 4.67). The results of the multiple regression statistics found the stage of disease, preoperative body mass index, preoperative value of the albumin serum, postoperative initial feeding period, postoperative average amount of energy patients received per day, and postoperative nutritional status of patients while receiving treatment in the hospital to be capable of explaining the changes in the nutritional status of postoperative patients while undergoing hospital treatment at 11 percent (R2 = 0.11, F = 2.124) with statistical significance (p < 0.05). The postoperative initial feeding influences postoperative nutritional status of patients with statistical significance (β = -0.248, t = -2.415, p < 0.05). 

          According to the findings, knowledge and understanding are factors affecting the nutritional status in postoperative colorectal cancer patients in hospital and bring of the knowledge develop to the role of nutritional status, and should find nutritional management
methods to minimize complications and promote postoperative recovery which will allow them to have a better quality of life.