The Effect of the Noraprayuk Exercise Program Applying Self-Efficacy and Social Support on Glycosylate Hemoglobin Level Among Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

          The aim of this two groups pretest-posttest design of quasi-experimental research was to examine the effect of the Noraprayuk exercise program applying self-efficacy and social support on glycosylated hemoglobin levels among older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The participants were 60 older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received care at a health promotion hospital in Khaunkhanun district, Phatthalung province. Participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n = 30) or the control group (n = 30). The experimental group received both the Noraprayuk exercise program applying self-efficacy and social support (3 days/ week for consecutive 10 weeks) and usual nursing care, while the control group received usual nursing care only. Instruments used to measure intervention outcomes included the Arkray automatic glycohaemoglobin analyzer (ADAMS A1c, HA-8160) which measured the glycosylated hemoglobin level. Data were analyzed by using Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, paired t-test and independent t-test.
          The result revealed that after the intervention, the experimental group had significantly lower mean of glycosylated hemoglobin level than before participation the program and the experimental group had significantly lower mean of glycosylated hemoglobin level than the control group (t = -10.66, p < 0.001). 

          The findings indicated that the Noraprayuk exercise program applying self-efficacy
and social support can decrease glycosylated hemoglobin levels among older adults with diabetes mellitus type 2. Therefore, nurses should apply this program to enhance exercise behavior continuously in older adults with diabetes mellitus type 2 for controlling glycosylated hemoglobin level.