Nurse’s Role: The Nurse Case Manager in Empowering Patients Facing Diabetes Burnout

Abstract

Diabetes management presents a continuously escalating global health challenge. Beyond the physical demands of management, patients frequently encounter significant emotional and psychological burdens, which can lead to “diabetes burnout”—a condition distinct from general depression. This state manifests across three primary dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization or cynicism towards self-care, and a diminished sense of personal accomplishment in managing the disease. Various factors contribute to burnout, including the overwhelming burden of self-management, unrealistic expectations, complications and fear, insufficient social support, and co-occurring emotional and mental health issues. Burnout directly compromises glycemic control, increases the risk of complications, and significantly erodes patients’ quality of life. This article emphasizes the pivotal role of the “nurse case manager” in addressing diabetes burnout. Utilizing a holistic care approach, nurses coordinate with multidisciplinary teams and employ proactive and reactive strategies to provide individualized support. Key techniques employed by nurses include Motivational Interviewing (MI) and OARS skills (Open-ended questions, Affirmations, Reflections, Summarization) to foster patient awareness and promote sustainable behavioral changes. The article also presents case examples demonstrating the success of nurse case managers in helping patients re-engage with their self-care. Furthermore, routine screening for diabetes distress and depression is crucial, and when severe symptoms are identified, patients should be referred to mental health specialists.