The Critical Role of Aeromedical Nurses in the Air Transport of Premature Infants

Abstract

Premature infants are highly vulnerable to environmental changes, particularly during aeromedical transport to advanced care facilities. While crucial for ensuring timely care, the aeromedical environment exposes these infants to significant flight-related stress, adversely affecting their respiratory, circulatory, and thermoregulatory systems. This article synthesizes and applies current international evidence and established aeromedical principles to develop a comprehensive practice framework for flight nurses. It provides a detailed analysis of the unique physiological challenges and in-flight stressors, including hypobaric hypoxia, gas expansion, thermoregulatory instability, noise, and vibration specific to the preterm population. Furthermore, the article consolidates evidence-based strategies for pre-transport assessment, in-flight monitoring, and specialized nursing interventions to mitigate these risks. By integrating global knowledge with practical clinical expertise, this work aims to establish structured guidelines to enhance the preparedness and efficacy of flight nurses, ultimately ensuring the safe and effective aeromedical evacuation of premature infants.