Distribution of ABO and RhD blood groups among Thai neonates born at Phramongkutklao hospital
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Abstract
Background: Among the blood group antigens identified, ABO and Rh(D) are the most important in transfusion medicine. ABO blood group antigens are the most immunogenic followed by D antigen in the Rh blood group system. These blood groups frequency distribution varies among different regions and races of the world. Objective: This study aimed to identify the frequency distribution of ABO group and Rh(D) antigen among Thai neonates at Phramongkutklao hospital. Material and methods: A retrospective cross-section studies were conducted from January 01/2012 to December 31/2021 at Blood Bank Division, Department of Pathology, Phramongkutklao hospital. Data were collected from blood blank data registration system and descriptive statistical results were presented in number (frequency) and percentage. Result: Among 7,803 Thai neonates, 54.24% were males, the most common blood group was blood group O (36.23%), followed by B (35.68%), A (21.31%), and AB (6.78%). By considering ABO and Rh(D) blood groups together, blood group O with Rh(D) positive (36.09%) was the predominant blood group, followed by B with Rh(D) positive (35.60%), A with Rh(D) positive (21.22%), AB with Rh(D) positive (6.77%), O with Rh(D) negative (0.14%), B with Rh(D) negative (0.08%), A with Rh(D) negative (0.02%), and AB with Rh(D) negative (0.01%). Conclusion: This study showed that blood group O was the predominant followed by B, A, and AB, and most of Thai neonates had Rh(D) positive (99.74%). About 54.24% of the total studied neonates were male.
Keywords: ABO blood group, Rh(D) blood group, Neonate, Frequency
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