Sarcopenic Obesity in Older Adults
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Abstract
Sarcopenic obesity is a combination of obesity and loss of skeletal muscle mass. Sarcopenic obesity is a common problem in the aging population. The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in older adults is 11% to 14%. This condition contributes to metabolic and geriatric syndrome, morbidity and mortality, resulting in increased hospitalization rates and healthcare expenditures. Pathophysiology of sarcopenic obesity includes changes in muscle composition and quality, and hormonal shift. Sarcopenic obesity is diagnosed by the criteria proposed by The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO). The treatment guideline for sarcopenic obesity is non-pharmacological treatment such as appropriate diet and exercise to increase muscle mass and strength, and to decrease fat mass. However, pharmacological treatment has never been approved for older adults. Therefore, we aimed to update the diverse points of sarcopenic obesity in older persons, including definition, prevalence, consequences, diagnosis, and management.
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